Subject Index

A

Afghanistan — 63, 373 Agriculture — 21, 22, 31, 40, 56, 57, 62,

63, 100, 101, 382, 395, 400, 404, 410-12, 436, 437, 449 Algeria, Algiers—213, 218, 219, 220, 231-33, 235, 238-41, 322 Alliance of Socialist Democracy — see International Alliance of Socialist Democracy Alsace

— annexation by Germany in 1871— 205, 421-22 America — 220, 258, 395

See also United States of America, the Anarchism— 11, 42, 45, 128-29, 147, 289,

434, 445 — in Austria — 141, 405 — in France — 10, 11, 43-45, 107, 128, 141, 147, 149, 332, 346, 355, 375, 388, 398, 402, 445 — in Germany — 42 — in Italy — 128, 454 — in Russia — 11, 45, 82 — in Spain — 128, 405 — in Switzerland — 129, 405 See also Bakuninism; German Social-Democracy— Most's anarchist group;

Sectarianism (in working-class and socialist movement) Ancient Greece — 333, 413 Ancient Rome—66, 256 Antagonism—100, 400 Anthropology — 453 Anti-Semitism — 126 Arabs — 211, 231, 234, 243, 246 Armchair socialism — 56, 65, 416, 449, 453 Artel—22 Asia Minor— 301, 319 Assyria — 301 Australia — 322 Austria (before 1867) — 1 1 , 204-06, 288 See also Austro-Prussian War, 1866 Austria-Hungary (from 1867)—4, 11, 57, 138, 141, 191-94, 196, 204-08, 248, 327, 415 See also Anarchism; Working-class movement in Austria-Hungary Austro-Prussian War, 1866—41, 191, 193

B

Babylon — 438 Bakuninism — 46, 129, 173, 182, 190, 283,

288, 289, 333, 341, 343, 363, 370, 375, 383, 388, 389, 408, 433 See also Anarchism; International Alliance of Socialist Democracy Balkans, the — 204, 205, 207 Banks—4, 12, 31, 62, 63, 66, 74, 177, 189, 194, 210, 257, 353 Blanquism — 192 Bohemia — see Working-class movement in Bohemia Bonapartism — 53, 141, 191, 343, 453, 454 Bosnia— 193 Bourgeoisie— 74, 140, 261, 350, 351, 449 Brandenburg — 403 Bulgaria— 194, 205-08 Bureaucracy— 187, 207, 209

C

California — 46, 101, 438 Canada — 322 Cape, the— 322 Capital—56, 63, 71, 162, 210 'Ca/>îtaf i>i Aar/ Afarx — 16, 60, 71, 141, 189, 257, 298, 299, 473 — distribution of Vol. I and dissemination of its ideas — 44, 45, 55, 56, 61, 65, 73, 74, 102, 103, 161-63, 185, 339, 365-66, 392, 423, 425 — first Russian edition of Vol. I — 45, 399 — third German edition of Vol. I — 158, 161, 162, 225, 347, 359, 369, 423, 425, 433 — French edition of Vol. I — 40, 310 — preparation of the second volume — 16, 158, 161, 465 Capitalist — id, 63, 99, 123, 356 Capitalist mode of production—16, 66, 67,

71, 99-101 Cartels—416 Catalonia — 239 Catholicism— 11, 68, 70, 182, 206, 286 Celts—69, 288, 395, 438, 452 Centralisation of capital—45, 433 Centralisation of production — 45 Chartism, Chartist movement— 102, 197, 293 Chauvinism — 44-45, 157, 192, 195, 208,

290, 354, 360, 415 Chemistry—317, 446

Child's labour— 70, 123 China —3, 4, 372 Christianity—242, 250, 319, 323

— early —67, 256 Church, the—68 Civil War in the USA, 1861-65—78, 287 Clan — 285, 452 Class(es)— 49, 350, 351, 435, 436

See also Bourgeoisie; Peasantry; Working class Classical political economy —16, 93, 100, 189 Class struggle— 181, 185, 188, 333, 343,

350 Colonies, colonial policy—192, 234, 239, 302, 321-23 Commune— 71, 207, 210-11, 231, 395, 404 Communism (social formation)—22, 43,

56, 57, 63, 66, 67, 99, 100, 148, 388 Communism, scientific—see Socialism, scientific Communist Educational Society of German

Workers in London—7, 72, 79, 236, 251, 330, 333, 334, 356 Communists, communist movement—75, 77, 446 Competition — 21, 40, 56, 74, 123, 260,

307, 415, 416 Concentration of capital—251, 434, 453 Confiscation (of private property)—68,

69, 346-47 Conquest

— role in history — 413, 414 Conservative Party (Tories) (England) — 69, 75, 83, 90, 129, 251, 285, 322 Consumption — 57, 436, 437 Corruption — 288, 319 Court, judicial system — 78, 80, 86, 111,

233, 234, 259, 260 Credit—63, 88, 177, 189, 210, 257-58 Croatia, Croats—206

D

Danish, War, 1864—11 Darwinism — 251, 274, 377, 437 Democracy, bourgeois (political movement)—348 Democracy, petty-bourgeois (political movement) — 446 Democratic Federation (England) —104, 105, 162, 163, 251, 423 Denmark — 286 Dialectics —Ü2, 350, 351, 434 — in Marx's Capital—298 — of nature and natural science — 383, 384 Dictatorship of the proletariat — 65-67, 207,

349, 350 Division of labour—400 Domestic industry — 20-22, 152, 153, 454

E

Economic crises —31, 63, 188-90, 391, 392, 415 — industrial — 31, 62 — commercial — 4, 31, 62 — agrarian — 31 — money and financial — 31, 62, 63, 188, 189 — crisis of 1837-42 — 391, 415 — crisis of 1877-80 — 4, 30, 31, 415 — crisis of 1882-83 — 188, 189, 414, 415 Economics and politics — 322-23 Education— 17', 18, 20, 21, 70 Egypt—297, 301, 302, 313, 317, 319, 323,

335-37, 363, 365, 423 Electricity — 319-20, 364, 374, 384, 385,

391, 404, 448, 449 Emigration — 360, 361 Emigration, political—197, 287, 362

— French in England — 44-45 — German in England — 52, 72 — German in Europe — 355, 356, 369-70, 430, 431 — German in the USA — 77, 78,. 99, 278, 279, 355, 369 — Irish —287, 288 — Italian in England — 48 — Polish — 183, 192, 195 — Russian —45, 78-79, 82-83, 195 Engels, Frederick

— biographical information — 12, 15, 17, 23-25, 27, 56, 57, 59, 72, 100,

149, 178-79, 190, 204, 258, 281, 294, 300, 301, 307, 314, 325, 329, 332, 348, 351, 375, 377, 388, 389, 415, 432, 446-49, 460 — joint work with Marx— 12, 15, 17, 42, 43, 88, 210, 292, 298, 402, 403, 406, 408-12 — Marx about Engels — 157 — contribution to workers' and socialist press —73, 74, 105, 119-23, 140,149,197,235-36,244,251,282, 292, 303, 325, 331, 334-36, 377 — as a leader of the international working-class movement (after Marx's death) —436, 447 — and working-class movement in England — 105, 119-23, 197, 228, 234 — and working-class movement in France — 10-12, 15,43-44, 144-50, 173, 181, 183, 190, 197, 234, 289, 333, 342-47, 350, 352, 360-62, 379, 384, 387, 388, 402, 441 — and working-class movement in Germany —7-10, 35, 38, 40-42, 50, 59, 72-75, 77, 78, 85, 86, 88, 126, 127,137-39,141,153,154,187,188, 203, 204, 208, 209, 236, 244, 251, 256, 259-61, 279, 281-83, 288, 289, 292, 293, 301, 302, 324, 325, 332, 335, 336, 343, 346, 348-50, 433 — and Polish national liberation movement — 195 — and revolutionary and democratic movement in Russia — 12 — and working-class movement in Spain — 128 — and working-class movement in the USA —77, 78, 294, 295 — studies in world history — 12, 22, 68-70, 73, 256, 286-89, 332, 336, 381, 382, 386, 395, 400, 403, 404, 408,409-14,416,433,437,438,451-52, 454 — studies in the history of wars and military theoretical problems — 313, 314 See also Marx, Karl; Party, proletarian;

Socialism, scientific; Working-class movement England (Great Britain) — 30, 31, 69, 90, 398, 453 — monopoly of the world market — 71, 96, 121, 322 — foreign and domestic trade — 3, 4, 258 — industry — 2 1 , 152, 307, 314, 400 — agriculture and agrarian relations — 31, 40, 41, 400 — domestic policy — 53, 54, 80, 81, 86, 90, 121, 364 — landed aristocracy, landlords — 31,

40, 41, 75, 84, 172, 185, 285-89 — bourgeoisie — 18, 41, 78, 121, 123, 140, 152, 185, 423, 424 — working class — 3, 49, 75, 105, 121, 123, 124, 152, 154, 155, 185, 322 — agricultural workers — 31, 41, 185 — peasants, tenants, farmers — 31, 41, 70, 185, 286 — political parties of ruling classes — 54, 75, 83 — foreign policy and diplomacy — 40, 63, 69, 75, 78, 83, 185, 286, 287, 319, 323, 353, 365, 399 — bourgeois radicals — 41, 53, 54, 75, 83, 129, 171, 172 — colonial policy— 63, 64, 234, 287, 298, 302, 322, 365, 423 — conquest of Egypt — see Egypt — policy in Ireland — 40, 41, 68-70, 75, 84, 86, 90, 172, 185, 251, 285-88 See also Conservative Party (Tories) (England); Democratic Federation (England); Economic crises; English Revolution, the (17th cent.); Liberal Party (England); Trade unions (in England); Whigs (England); Working-class movement in England English Revolution, the (17th cent.) — 68-69 Europe—22, 101, 205, 322 Exploitation — 88 Exploitation of labourer by capital— 71, 152-53, 303, 431, 435, 436 See also Child's labour; Factory legis-

lation; Female labour; Wages; Working day Expropriation — 71, 207, 286

F

Factory legislation — 55, 88, 120, 122, 140, 157, 324, 354, 359 — in England — 122, 133-34, 140 — in Germany — 139, 140, 324, 347, 354, 360, 364 — in Switzerland — 122, 347, 364, 373 Family and marriage — 395, 437, 438, 450-

53 Federal Diet (in Germany) — 191 Female labour—123 Feudalism— 181, 400, 404, 413, 414 Foreign policy

— and proletariat's position — 205, 301-02 Fourierism — 200, 241 France (before 1848 revolution) —175, 192, 344, 402 See also Second Empire in France; Third Republic in France; Working-class movement in France Franco-Prussian War, 1870-71—53, 112-14, 191-92, 469 Freedom, liberties—49, 83, 84, 152, 192 Free Trade — 12

— Manchester School —74, 122, 260 French Revolution, the (18th cent.)—66,

68, 69, 209, 210

G

Galicia—194 General Association of German Workers (1863)—8, 191 See also German Social-Democracy; Las-salleanism; Working-class movement in Germany German Social-Democracy—12, 15, 72, 121, 154, 157, 188, 191, 236, 280-82, 324, 326, 330, 335, 342, 349-51 — Gotha programme — 362, 447 — Socialist Party before the introduction of the Exceptional Law against Socialists — 8 , 75, 187, 324 — during the Exceptional Law, struggle against reformism and petty-bourgeois socialism — 7-11, 38, 41, 50, 73-75, 80, 85, 86, 116, 127-28, 137-39, 151-54, 173, 187, 188, 192, 203, 251, 256, 259-61, 279-82,288,325,335,336,349,350, 357, 358, 362, 430-32, 446-48 — Most's anarchist group — 7, 9-11, 42, 43, 59, 74, 78, 80, 82-83, 187, 236, 260, 289 — Social-Democratic group in the Reichstag — 8 , 10-11, 85, 86, 88, 137, 138, 151, 154, 173, 182, 188, 203, 282, 295, 330, 336, 431, 436, 470 — press of — 7-9, 38, 42, 43, 59, 60, 73, 74, 80, 85, 89, 173, 187, 203, 251, 259, 260, 279, 282, 289, 290, 292, 355, 358, 360, 431 — attitude to war threat in Europe — 208, 209, 415 See also Lassalleanism; Working-class movement in Germany Germans (ancient) — 382, 395 Germany— 187, 188, 191, 194, 195, 403,

404, 447 — industry — 10, 21, 75, 153, 154, 260, 261, 391, 400, 401, 415-16, 420, 453, 454 — finances — 4 , 74, 88, 256-58 — working class — 8 , 9, 49, 88, 123, 126, 153, 154, 183, 188, 203, 279, 281, 282, 326, 448 — bourgeoisie —42,49, 126, 139, 154, 182, 187, 188, 193, 279, 354 — nobility, Junkers —88, 139, 182, 422 — peasantry — 403, 404, 416 — foreign trade —261, 391, 400 — home policy — 10, 49, 75, 78, 88, 126, 137-39, 175, 178, 182, 189, 196,208,209,282,332,336,453,454 — Reichstag —88, 157, 182, 183, 279, 282, 332

— political parties of ruling classes — 10, 78, 157, 182 — prospects of revolution — 10, 78, 139, 198, 203, 209, 332, 349 — Ways of unification of — 191, 193 — foreign policy —4, 11, 83, 192, 208, 327, 415 See also German Social-Democracy; Prussia; Working-class movement in Germany Gold and silver—?,, 4, 31, 57, 62, 63, 210, 211, 256-58 Greece—208 Greek Orthodoxy—206 Guilds, guild system— 10, 74, 400

H

Hegelianism — 354 Herzegovina— 192, 205-06 Hesse-Cassel (Electorate of Hesse) — 273 History — 68, 79, 89, 321

— historical necessity — 333 — role of masses and personality in — 458, 459, 462 — role of force in — 400 Holy Alliance— 191, 194, 273 Hungary—191

See also Austria-Hungary; Revolution of 1848-49 in Hungary; Working-class movement in Hungary

I

India — 63, 64, 170, 322, 438 Industrial revolution — 21, 46, 105 Industry—410-13, 449 Insurance — 87, 324, 332, 353, 359 Intellectuals, «A«—127, 137, 447 International Alliance of Socialist Democracy— 43, 129, 181, 190, 333, 339, 341, 370, 375, 408 International Congress of Socialists in Chur

(1881) —151 International, First—see International Working Men's Association Internationalism in working-class movement— 191-93, 195, 205 International solidarity of workers— 197 International Working Men's Association (First International) — 197, 198 — first programme documents — 342 — and the Paris Commune — 52, 53 — struggle against Proudhonism — 342 — struggle against Bakuninism — 342 — General Council —52, 53, 197 — Marx's and Engels' leading role — 149 — cessation of activities, causes of— 196-98 — in England — 102 — in France — 191, 196, 342 — in Russia — 45 — in Spain— 128 — in Switzerland — 342, 343 Ireland—69, 75, 191, 193, 251, 252

— as British colony and citadel of British landlordism —40, 69, 70, 75, 84, 86, 90, 172, 185, 285, 287, 288 — land question as a form of the national question — 40,68,69,75,157, 285, 286 — Anglo-Irish Union —69, 286, 288 — foreign trade — 90 — peasantry — 70, 75, 251, 286 — liberal-national bourgeois movements— 286 — national liberation movement — 68, 69 — Fenian movement — 286-88 — struggle for Home Rule — 86, 90,

286, 287 Irish National Land League — 84, 286-88 Irish question, the

— importance of, for the working-class movement — 40, 75 Islam—206, 238, 242, 323 Italy— 186, 191, 196

J

Japan — 83

L

Labour — 71, 123, 359, 372, 410-13 See also Child's labour; Female labour, Manual labour Landed property—31, 68, 69, 71, 90, 157, 210, 251, 298, 301 — communal —207, 331, 336, 383, 437, 438, 450 — feudal —400, 403, 404 — big private — 40 — capitalist —40, 71, 86, 100, 101 — eviction of peasants and tenants from their land —286, 287, 288 — concentration of — 40 Lassalleanism — 8, 12, 15, 157, 191, 230,

278, 279, 294, 324, 325, 332, 343, 349, 351, 354, 357, 433 See also General Association of German

Workers; German Social-Democracy; Working-class movement in Germany Lease — 86, 287, 288, 403 Liberalism—204, 207, 209, 210, 287 Liberal Party (England) — 13, 53, 54, 75,

80, 83, 86, 185, 322 Liberation struggle against Napoleonic rule—208 Lithuania, Lithuanians—195 Loans (state) —12, 63, 251, 273 Lumpenproletariat—272 Luxembourg — 415

M

Machines — 21, 153, 307, 314, 434, 449,

454 Malthusianism — 58, 151, 437 Manual labour—153 Manufacture — 400 Mark-community among ancient Germans and

in Germany—336, 395, 399 Marx, Karl

— biographical information — 12, 15, 42, 43, 45, 48, 52, 53, 57, 59, 61, 65, 71, 72, 95, 99, 100, 103, 149, 156, 157, 177, 184-86, 244, 246, 332 — joint work with Engels — 12, 15,

17, 42, 43, 88, 210, 298, 403, 404, 408-13 — Engels about Marx and his role in the international working-class movement — 146, 147, 149, 351, 447, 458-60, 462 — and the working-class movement in England — 102, 103, 228, 234 — and the working-class movement in France — 15, 43-45, 133, 141, 144-50, 173, 181, 183, 197, 199, 339, 342, 350, 358, 360-61, 385, 402 — and the working-class movement in Germany — 7, 8, 35, 38, 40-43, 72, 78, 85, 86, 98, 99, 137, 138, 149, 152,187, 188,259,260,279-82,292, 335, 447-49 — and Polish national liberation movement — 195 — and revolutionary movement in Russia — 18, 71, 72, 82, 94, 95, 149, 235-36, 240, 284, 464, 469-70 — and the working-class movement in Switzerland— 133 — and the working-class movement in the USA — 76, 77, 133 See also 'Capital' by Karl Marx; Engels, Frederick; Party, proletarian; Socialism, scientific; Working-class movement Mathematics— 130-31, 378, 379, 380 Means of production — 67, 71, 411, 454 Means of subsistence—67, 71, 411, 454 Medicine— 140, 141 Metallurgy — 415, 416, 421 Mode of production — 395 Monaco — 256, 259, 261, 267-69, 272, 273 Money — 3, 4, 177, 256-58

— paper (and credit) —177, 189, 210 — analysis of, in Marx's Capital— 177, 189

— bourgeois theories of money and money circulation — 7, 177, 189, 210, 256-58 Money market—4, 31, 62-63, 78 Monopoly— 74, 260, 261, 324 Montenegro — 206 Mortgage— 177, 189, 210, 257

N

Narodisrn {Populism) in Russia—18, 42, 45, 71, 78, 80, 82, 83, 96, 209, 288 Nation—146, 153, 191, 193 Nationalisation

— of land —99-103 — of all means of production — 148 Nationality—204, 206 National question

— and working class— 191, 192, 205 Natural science— 173, 321, 377, 395 North German Confederation — 191 Norway — 358

P

Pan-Slavism— 192-95, 203-04, 207-08 Paris Commune of 1871— 18, 44, 52, 66, 68,

117, 127, 133-34, 193, 408, 469 Party, proletarian — 8, 9, 43, 49, 102, 138-

39, 173, 188, 192, 342, 350, 389, 408 — programme of — 102, 148, 341, 350, 389 — tactics of — 65, 138-39, 279, 281, 333, 431, 432 — organisational principles — 7, 8, 134-35, 388-89 — criticism and self-criticism — 302, 342 — theoretical discussions — 137, 146 — innerparty struggle — 279, 280, 281, 342, 350, 351 — struggle against reformism and op-portunism— 187, 188, 260, 281-83, 350, 351, 446, 447 — struggle against sectarianism and dogmatism — 42 — agitation and propaganda — 8, 138, 141, 369-70 — party press — 8 , 59, 85, 289, 290, 355, 360, 361, 389, 431 — and colonial question — 302, 322, 323 — and trade unions — 388 — and peasantry and agrarian question — 99, 100, 138 See also German Social-Democracy; Socialism, scientific; Working-class movement Peasantry — 301, 302, 400 People, popular masses—141, 148, 187, 188, 203, 206-08, 281, 349, 361 — role of popular masses in history — 66, 138-39, 188 Persia — 301, 373 Phoenicia, Phoenicians—438 Physics — 410-13 Physiocrats— 73, 230 Poland— 191-95, 204, 415

— and Russia — 192-94 Polish national liberation uprising, 1863-64 — 193, 195 Polish question — 191-93 Polish working-class and socialist movement— 155, 166, 174, 183, 190, 192, 193 Political economy — 321

See also 'Capital' by Karl Marx; Classical political economy; Physiocrats; Vulgar political economy Political struggle — 286 Polytheism — 256 Population — 56, 57, 434, 437, 454 Portugal— 322 Press, the

— bourgeois —83, 247, 297, 474 — proletarian— 170 — socialist — 197, 297 Price, price formation — 4, 16, 40, 90, 101,

210, 256-57, 260 Private property—68, 69, 71, 99, 100, 148,

207, 260, 261, 286, 347, 400, 401, 403, 404 Production — 21, 57, 153 Production costs—411

Productive forces — 449 Profit—56, 100 Protectionism—-21, 22, 74, 88, 153, 260,

324, 454 Protestantism — 67-70 Proudhonism — M, 93, 100, 193, 221, 342,

375, 408 Prussia— 175, 178, 282, 288, 327, 403

— agriculture, agrarian relations — 252 — finances — 74, 88 — working class — 393 — Junkers — 114, 257 — Prussian way of the unification of Germany — 191, 193, 431-32 — and Poland —391 See also Germany

R

Radicalism, radicals—203, 389 Railways — 63, 195, 248, 251, 324, 354, 364, 380, 386 — nationalisation of, under capitalism — 88, 260, 261, 324, 354, 359, 377, 380 Reaction (political) —187, 189-90, 193,

209 Religion — 205, 206, 256, 395 Rent (of land) — 3 1 , 63, 93, 100-01, 416 Republic, bourgeois—92, 191, 333, 441 Revolution—138, 189-91, 302, 431, 432 — and evolution — 49-50 — prospect of, in Europe — 79, 193 Revolutionary phrase-mongering— 7, 59, 74,

83, 138, 148, 238, 302, 343, 389, 398 Revolutionary situation — 79 Revolution, bourgeois—66 Revolution of 1848-49— 192, 208 Revolution of 1848-49 in Austria — 288-89 Revolution of 1848-49 in Germany — 59,

175, 178, 192, 251 Revolution of 1848-49 in Hungary—192 Revolution of 1848-49 in the Italian states—192 Revolution, proletarian, socialist—49, 66-

67, 153, 205, 322, 323, 349, 350, 357, 408 Right, law — 57, 111, 188, 189, 354, 403,

404, 431 Rumelia (Eastern) —195, 208 Russia— 194, 301

— industry — 2 1 , 22 — finances, loans, banks — 12, 182, 194, 373 — agriculture and agrarian relations — 62, 182 — post-reform economy, development of capitalism — 20 — domestic situation — 12, 78, 193, 194, 208, 319 — Tsarism's policy in regard to Poland — 192-94 — nobility — 6 1 , 204 — peasantry —22, 71, 205 — Zemstvos —20, 175 revolutionary movement— 193, 194, 319, 415, 469 — ripening of revolution, its international significance — 4, 198, 204, 209, 332, 414, 415 — Marx's and Engels' contacts with Russian personalities in science and culture —30-32, 45, 60-62, 64, 71, 72, 82, 92-94, 96, 116, 124-25, 160, 161, 167, 184, 201, 211-12, 235, 240, 244, 278-79, 284, 296, 422, 464 — dissemination of Marxism — 45, 184, 244, 399, 425 — Tsarism as bulwark of European reaction — 193, 194, 204, 205, 207, 209 — foreign policy, diplomacy — 4, 78, 83, 192, 208, 248, 316, 319, 323, 327, 363, 373 — and Austria —204, 205, 248 — and England —319, 323 — and France —319, 363 — and Germany— 192 — and Turkey —247, 248, 373 — policy in Asia — 373 — annexation of the Caucasus — 319

See also Russo-Turkish War, 1877-78 Russo-Turkish War, 1877-78 — 319 Ruthenians—see Ukraine, the; Ukrainians

S

Saxony—403 Schleswig-Holstein — 403 Science— 140, 141, 450

See also Political economy; Socialism (theory); Socialism, scientific Scotland— 31, 68, 69, 206 Second Empire in France — 53, 133

— foreign policy — 191 — home policy — 453, 454 — working class— 153 See also Bonapartism; Franco-Prussian

War, 1870-71; Working-class movement in France Sectarianism (in working-class and socialist

movement)—43, 44, 143, 154, 405 Serbia— 195, 205-07 Serfdom — 403 Seven Tears' War, 1756-63—158 Shares, joint-stock companies — 63, 88, 251,

261, 354, 359 Slavery — 403 Slavs—193-95, 203-07, 395, 438 Slovenia, Slovenians — 194 Socialism (as the first phase of communist

society) —333 Socialism (theory) —12, 44, 100, 101,

146, 147, 153, 157, 294, 321, 332 See also Armchair socialism; Fourierism; 'State socialism' Socialism, scientific — 43, 44, 56, 57, 65-

67, 146, 147, 162, 375 Socialists — 302, 307, 333, 339, 349, 360,

361 Social relations — 57 Social system — 66 Society

— primitive —395, 437, 438, 451-53 — gentile —382-83 — bourgeois — 73, 207 Spain— 196, 240, 322 'State socialism'—149, 183, 354, 393, 433, 434 — economic content of this notion — 74, 154, 260, 324 State, the — 100, 101, 122, 123, 139, 142, 354 — nationalisation of the means of production —73, 74, 127, 260, 261, 324, 354, 433, 449 Statistics—20, 82, 112 Stock exchange— 190, 268, 433, 435, 448 Strategy and tactics of class struggle of the proletariat—65-66, 99, 100, 192, 431 See also Class struggle; Party, proletarian; Revolution, proletarian, socialist Strikes — 224, 230, 393 Subjective and objective

— in politics — 187, 188 Suffrage—441 Surplus value — 56, 100, 416, 433, 434 Switzerland— 26, 78, 122, 319, 330, 406 See also Working-class movement in Switzerland

T

Taxes— 11, 79, 99, 100, 207, 208, 301,

332, 435 Terror, terrorism — 238, 251, 254, 286-89 Third Republic in France—18, 117, 127,

194 — domestic policy — 108, 363, 401, 402, 406, 474 — financial aristocracy — 298 — bourgeoisie — 11, 44, 283, 355 — petty bourgeoisie — 356 — working class — 43, 44, 133, 145, 146, 283, 333, 342, 356, 359-60, 361 — peasantry — 11, 117 — electoral system — 116, 120, 361, 441 — political parties of ruling classes — 45, 117, 133, 297, 298, 361 — Bonapartists — 141, 401 — moderate bourgeois republicans — 44, 117, 126, 133, 297, 319, 333, 355, 361, 474

— bourgeois radicals (Clemenceau's group) — 45, 92, 298, 333, 339, 342, 361 — bourgeois press — 44, 84, 117, 134, 297, 298, 360, 361 — foreign policy — 208,297, 298, 319, 363 — colonial aggression — 92, 233, 234, 246-47, 297, 298 — and Russia —319, 363 Thirty Years' War, 1618-48 — 404, 448 Town— 187, 286

— antithesis between town and country — 449 Trade-unionism — 185 Trade unions—119, 121, 122, 380, 384, 385, 388 See also Trade unions (in England) Trade unions (in England) —119, 121,

123, 152, 155, 359 Tribe(s) — 437, 438, 451, 452 Tunisia — 92, 363 Turkey— 194, 205-08, 248, 319, 414