Subject Index

A

Accumulation of capital

— replacement fund as fund of accumulation — 411-12 Adventurism

— in revolutionary movement — 98 — Marx and Engels against revolution-mongering — 84 Agricultural chemistry— 397 Agriculture— 378, 396-98, 403-04, 485-86 Alliances and agreements in revolutionary

struggle of proletariat—103, 137, 152-53, 154 See also Party, proletarian—tactics American Workers' League (New York,

Chicago, from 1857)—114-15 Amnesty for participants in 1848-49 revolution — in Austria — 248

— in Prussia — 246, 248-49, 282, 305, 312-13, 316-17 Ancient Rome—265 Anti-Communism (critique and exposure by Marx and Engels) — 80-81, 84, 477 See, also Cologne Communist Trial, 1852: Party, proletarian—struggle against slanderous accusations Ape, the (and man's origin)—465, 542 Aristocracy, nobility—470-71

— English —357, 430, 432, 518 — Italian — 203-04 — Polish — 471 — Russian — 4, 7 Arithmetic—'514-15, 532 Army—373

— Prussian — 200, 428-29, 519 Art of war—199-200, 277-78, 295-96, 300, 303-04, 346, 356, 359-60, 366-68, 386, 400, 414-15, 420, 437-40, 539-40, 558-59 Astronomy—354, 359, 517 Australia— 348, 349 Austria—156-57, 200, 241-42, 248, 262, 492, 505, 513 — and Hungary — 103 See also Amnesty for participants in

1848-49 revolution; Austro-Italian war, 1848-49; Austro-Italo-French war, 1859; Polish national insurrection, 1863-64—and Austria Austro-Italian war, 1848-49—174 Austro-Italo-French war, 1859—103, 125, 132, 181 Average rate of profit—395-97

B

Balance of trade— 370, 420 Belgium—102, 107, 348 Berlin— 270-71, 274-75 Bible— 468, 512, 541, 542 Big industry—397, 449-51

See also Industrial revolution; Inventions; Machinery Bonapartism

— Napoleon Ill's demagogy on nationalities question — 104, 125-26, 171, 193, 492 — influence on leaders of national liberation movement — 12, 125-26, 133, 156, 157, 196, 229, 230, 246, 362, 464-66, 489-90, 492, 505 — Bonapartist tendencies among Prussia's ruling circles — 431, 453, 519 — Bonapartist features in Palmerston's policy — 156 Bourgeoisie— 368

— English —357-58, 430, 432 — French — 477 — German — 418 — Italian — 203-04 — Prussian — 418, 462, 554 Bourgeois political economy—377-79, 403-04 See also Classical bourgeois political economy; Physiocrats; Vulgar bourgeois political economy

C California— 348 Capital— 395-98, 411-12, 485-87 See also Constant capital; Fixed capital; Organic composition of capital; Variaole capital 'Capital' fry K. Marx

— its method — 333 — history of its writing — 12, 14, 23, 356, 435-36, 474, 484 — A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, 1859 — 14, 157, 193-94, 279-80, 435-37, 488 — second rough draft of Capital (manuscript of 1861-63)—193, 292, 315, 319, 323, 324, 332, 350-51, 352, 356, 370, 380-81, 382, 384, 394-98, 401, 411, 426, 435-36, 446, 449-51, 474, 481 — third rough draft (manuscript of 1863-65)—488, 530, 552, 582, 585 — plans for publication — 12, 193-94, 279-80, 315, 404, 433 Capitalist— 396, 398

See also Bourgeoisie (in different countries) Capitalist mode of production

— prerequisites for — 450 Cell

— Schleiden's and Schwann's theory of — 546, 553 Chartist movement

— as the first independent working-class party — 103 Chemistry—-397, 551 China

— foreign trade — 345, 348 Christianity—85, 377 Circulation— 397

See also Capital; Money; Money circulation Classes— 368, 451 See also Aristocracy, nobility; Bourgeoisie; Class struggle; Working class in England Classical bourgeois political economy— 378, 380-81, 403-04, 411, 479-80, 485 Class struggle—246-47

— proletariat's tactics — 154 See also Working-class movement in England; Working-class movement in Germany Cologne Communist Trial, 1852

— exposure by Marx and Engels of the provocative methods used in staging the trial — 16, 22-23, 54,

72-74, 78-79, 80-81, 140-41, .146-52 — and the Willich-Schapper faction — 72-73, 92-93 — conduct of the defendants — 3, 135, 142 — historical significance of — 44, 73 Comedy (genre of literature)—265,

270-71, 289 Communism, scientific—11, 362, 480-81 Communist League, the

— organisational principles — 92-93 — after the defeat of 1848-49 revolution — 35, 57, 73, 80-81, 82-84, 90 — split in the Communist League, struggle against the sectarian tactics of Willich-Schapper faction — 72, 73, 91, 93, 97-99 — and petty-bourgeois democracy — 73, 84-85 — communities in England — 73 — communities in Germany — 73, 83 — dissolution of the Communist League, causes for — 73, 81-84, 94-95 — historical significance of — 81-85 See also Cologne Communist Trial, 1852 Constant capital— 394-95, 397, 485-87

See also Machinery Consumption

— as essential element in the turn-over and reproduction of capital — 485-87 Cost price— 396-98 Crimean war, 1853-56 — 171, 336, 348, 462

D

Danish-Prussian War, 1848-50—512-13 See also Schleswig-Holstein question Danish war, 1864 — 505-06, 509, 513, 519, 549 — and European powers — 505-06, 512-13, 517, 519, 531-32, 538, 543-44 See also Schleswig-Holstein question Darwinism— 232, 246-47, 381, 542 Democracy, bourgeois (political system)—421, 428, 561 Democracy, petty-bourgeois (political trend)—84-85, 97-98, 468-70 Democracy, vulgar—10, 22

See also Democracy, petty-bourgeois Democratic party (USA)—306-07, 428-30 Denmark—543-44

See also Danish-Prussian war, 1848-50; Danish war, 1864; Literature— Danish; Schleswig-Holstein question Division of labour—350 Drama, dramatic art—318

E

Economic laws

— law of value — 396-97, 403-04 Emigration, emigrants—110, 248-49

— political — 119, 248-49 — bourgeois-democratic, petty-bourgeois — 44, 73-74, 84, 85, 97-98 — proletarian — 298 — French — 102 — German emigrants in Belgium— 101-02 — German emigrants in England— 4, 14, 70-71, 103, 246, 297-98, 301-02, 310-11, 314-15, 525 — German emigrants in France— 101 — German emigrants in Switzerland — 70-71 — German emigrants in the USA — 89, 116-17, 300 — Hungarian emigrants in Europe and USA — 111, 125, 181-82, 210, 215, 229, 230 — Polish — 102, 455-56

— Russian — 341, 456, 489-90, 492 Engels, Frederick

— biographical data — 13-14, 20-21, 25, 39, 112, 120-21, 134-35, 137-38, 143, 259-60, 266-67, 290, 291, 314-15, 322, 344, 352, 413, 418, 457-59, 547-48, 553-54, 559-60 — friendship with Marx and his family — 401, 441-49

— joint work with Marx — 10, 165, 170, 171, 196, 198, 204-05, 248, 299, 300-01, 303-04, 353, 411 — contributing to bourgeois and democratic publications —191-92, 196, 203, 216, 257 — contributing to New-York Daily Tribune — MO, 173, 178, 184 — study of natural science — 465, 532 — historical studies — 456-59, 470-71 — studies in military theory and history of warfare — 10, 25, 108-09, 173-74, 191, 200, 216, 257-58, 295-96, 353, 359-61, 366-68, 386-88, 455, 459, 478, 482 — language studies — 375, 455, 473 — his family — 138-39, 259-61, 266-67, 344, 441-43, 446-47, 528, 554, 559-60 England (Great Britain)

— history — 286, 294, 317, 544 — economy — 5, 7-8, 246, 344-45, 347, 348, 370, 378, 413, 414, 421, 543, 551 — cotton crisis ('dearth of cotton'), 1861-64 — 246, 344, 347, 413-14, 447-48 — social and political system — 299, 318, 334-36, 337-38, 509, 551 — press — 284, 489 — foreign policy — 157, 286, 336, 345, 348-50, 363, 370, 462-63, 484, 543-44, 556 — and the USA — 246, 291, 333-36, 348-49, 369, 370, 413, 430, 462; See also US Civil War, 1861-65—and England — colonial policy — 7-8, 348-49 See also Aristocracy, nobility—English; Bourgeoisie—English; Law— English; Literature—English; Manchester; Mexican expedition, 1861-67; Parliament, English; Philosophy— English; Polish national insurrection, 1863-64—and England; Working-class in England; Working-class movement in England Europe

— prospects for revolution in Europe in early 1860s — 5, 437, 453-54, 477 Exploitation

— capitalist — 394-95

F

Farmers— 378, 397 Fictitious capital—8 Fixed capital— .394-95, 397, 485-87

See also Machinery; Replacement of fixed capital Foreign policy—142, 152-55 Foreign trade— 7-8, 348-49, 370, 420

See also Protectionism France— 359, 430, 454, 462-63, 482

— Second Empire — 181, 329, 350, 454, 477, 506, 513, 519 — economy — 291, 329 — foreign trade — 8, 348 — foreign policy — 361, 431, 453, 462-63, 489, 506, 513, 519, 552 See also Austro-Italo-French war, 1859; Bonapartism; Emigration, emigrants—French; Law—French; Literature— French; Mexican expedition 1861-67; Polish national insurrection, 1863-64—and France

G

General Association of German Workers— 533, 560-61, 585-87 Geology— 397, 465, 473 German Workers' Educational Society in Geneva (184Qs-60s)—71 German Workers' Educational Society in London (1840-1918) — in 1860-64 — 3, 11, 15, 34, 48, 71, 78, 94-95, 232, 302, 326, 342, 455, 458, 517, 585-86 — resumption of links with Marx— 11, 94-95, 232, 339, 455, 457-61, 585-88 German Workers' Society in Brussels (from 1847)—101-02 Germany— 342, 490

— history — 367, 418-19, 561 — economy — 112, 348, 450 — social and political system — 470 — ways of unification — 159, 160, 164, 252-53 — press — 247, 342 — prospects for revolution in the 1860s — 428-29, 461-62, 473, 554

— foreign policy — 107, 461-63, 496-98 See also Bourgeoisie—German; Emigration, emigrants; Hesse-Cassel; Literature—German; National Association (Germany, 1859-67); Party of Progress (Germany, 1861-84); Prussia; Schleswig-Holstein question; Working-class movement in Germany Government loans—363, 368, 519

H

Hegel, Hegelianism— 220, 281, 330,

333, 381, 546 Hesse-Cassel (Kurhessen)—373 Historiography

— in the era of Enlightenment— 356-57 — bourgeois (19th cent.)—232-33, 246, 473, 541 — progressive trends in bourgeois historiography — 321 — positivist — 380 — 'Junker' historiography — 560-61 History—473

See also Historiography Hong Kong — MS, 348 Hungary—107, 125, 156-57, 505 See also Emigration—Hungarian emigrants in Europe and USA

I

India— 7-8, 294, 348, 359 Industrial revolution—449-51 See also Big industry; Inventions; Machinery Interest (econ.)—485, 486 Inventions

— social consequences — 449-51 Italy

— problem of its unification, Marx's and Engels' stand — 103-04, 181, 191, 193 — revolution in South and Central Italy, 1860 — 246 — Garibaldi's campaign, 1860— 174, 181, 189, 192, 195, 196, 203-07, 246, 389-90 — Cavour's policy — 172, 203, 246 — foreign policy — 171, 189, 199-200, 203-04 See also Aristocracy, nobility— Italian; Austro-Italo-French war, 1859; Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont); Mazzinism, Mazzinists

J

Joint-stock companies—445, 551 Judaism— 541-42

K

Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont)— 181, 191, 199, 203-05 See also Austro-Italian war, 1848-49; Austro-Italo-French war, 1859

L

Landed property — 200, 398, 403

See also Landowner; Rent Landowner— 397-98 Lassalleanism, Lassalleans—399-400, 480, 483 — Lassalle and his role in German working-class movement — 9-10, 38, 142, 281-82, 313, 389-90, 399-400, 466-67, 470, 483 • — critique of Lassalle's theoretical views — 18, 19, 124, 142, 190-91, 281, 302-03, 330, 333, 383, 389-90, 440-41, 451-52, 466-67, 470, 480, 483, 484, 488-89, 534 . — and demand for universal suffrage — 467 — demand for government help to workers' co-operatives — 467 — attitude to Prussian state and to feudal reaction — 481, 494 — and earlier working-class movement — 533 — Lassalle's nationalistic attitude during Austro-Italo-French war,

1859 — 18-19 — and problem of unification of Germany, of Italy — 6, 12, 108 — critique of the Lassalle personal-ity cult — 466-67, 475, 489 See also General Association of German Workers Law Courts

— in bourgeois society — 186-87 See also Law Law (right)

— as superstructure — 317-18 — Roman — 294, 317-18, 330-31, 356-57 — bourgeois — 317 — material — 335-36 — of succession — 294, 317-18 — critique of Hegel's philosophy of law — 330 — English — 294, 317-18, 335-36 — French — 294 — Prussian —305, 314-15 Linguistics—357, 540-41 Literature

— folklore — 160-62, 375 — classicism — 318 — English — 265, 517 — Danish — 160-62, 375 — Dutch — 509-10, 516 — Greek — 318 — Roman — 57 — Spanish — 489 — German — 122, 270-71, 289, 358, 507, 515 — French — 318, 507 See also Comedy; Drama, dramatic art; Poetry Liverpool—432

M

Machinery (machine production)

— features distinguishing machines from tool; evolution of — 443-51 — as material basis of capitalist mode of production — 449-50 — as part of constant capital — 394, 411-12, 485 — wear and tear; reproduction — 411-12, 414 — and manufacture — 451 — A. Smith on — 411 See also Inventions; Replacement of fixed capital Malthusianism— 381 Manchester— 432 Man, individual, personality

— origin of man — 465, 542 — and animal — 381, 465, 542 — and nature — 449 — and machine — 449-51 — and religion — 465 Manufacture—350-51, 449-51 Market— 7-8, 381 See also Foreign trade; Market value; World market Market value—404 Marxist political economy — superiority to bourgeois and petty-bourgeois political economy — 380, 396-98, 403-04, 411, 485, 488 See also 'Capital' by K. Marx Marx, Karl

— biographical data — 24,44-45,68, 69, 72-74, 81-82, 268, 435-36 — friendship with Engels — 111, 121, 332-33, 497-504 — joint work with Engels — 10, 165, 170, 171, 196, 198, 204-05, 247-48, 299, 300, 303-04, 345, 353, 411 — before 1844 — 100-01 — 1844 to February 1848 — 101-02, 268, 533-34 — during revolutions of 1848-49— 102, 268 — during reaction (1850-57)—44-45, 72-74, 81-84, 92-98, 102-03 — during rise of revolutionary and democratic movement (1858-64)—10-11, 20-23, 34, 44-45, 53, 63-64, 76, 79-80, 81-84, 88-89, 92-99, 102-103, 106, 119-20, 151-53, 175-76, 208, 258-59, 265, 268-69, 279-84, 288-89, 311-12, 342-43, 435-36, 453-55, 468-69, 500-01, 525, 529-30 — writing and publication of Herr Vogt— 6, 9-10, 12-14, 15-49, 51-79, 81-89, 91-107, 110, 112-20, 122-24, 128-32, 139-41, 155, 158, 159, 165-67, 170, 172, 176-179, 186-93, 196-99, 201-05, 207-12, 217-19, 221-28, 231-35, 238-41, 243, 244, 252-53, 255, 262, 268-69, 290, 313, 327, 334, 338, 362 — writing for workers' and democratic newspapers — 44-45, 63-64, 67-69, 100-01 — as contributor to and editor of

Rheinische Zeitung—100-01 — as editor of Neue Rheinische Zeitung— 90-91, 99-103 — as editor of Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Politisch-ökonomische Revue— 96-97, 102

— writing for the Chartist press— 70, 102-03, 154 — contributing to bourgeois and bourgeois-democratic publications — 43-44, 68-70, 102-03, 279, 292, 323, 327, 332, 340 — contributing to New-York Daily Tribune— 68, 70, 103, 106, 216, 252, 263, 325, 359, 362 — writing for Die Presse—323-24, 327, 332, 338, 340, 351, 353-54 — activities in workers' and democratic organisations — 10-11, 81-82, 94-95, 102-03 — and working-class movement in England — 467-69, 527, 530 — and working-class movement in Germany — 35, 94-95, 533, 541 — and working-class movement in USA — 81-82 — study of natural science — 216, 232-36, 246-47, 546-47, 551, 553 — historical studies — 193-94, 265, 286, 293-94, 454, 457-59, 461-62, 474, 484 — language studies — 540-41 — his family — 216, 228, 231, 340-41, 380, 399, 433, 445, 481-83, 491, 495, 498-99 See also 'Capital' by K. Marx Mathematics—449, 484, 514-15, 532

See also Arithmetic Mazzinism, Mazzinists—193, 196, 246 Means of subsistence—485-87 Mechanics (science)

— history of — 397, 449-51 Mexican expedition, 1861-67—363, 370, 431, 453, 462, 489 Mexico

— and England — 349-50 Mode of production

— connection between material mode of production and social relations — 450 Money— 370, 400, 419, 420-21 Money circulation—370, 485-87

See also Money Morality

— bourgeois — 85

N

National Association (Germany, 1859-

67)—10, 160, 164, 246, 297-98, 309-11, 342, 383 — London branch — 293, 297, 302, 304, 310-11, 319, 355 National debt— 363, 370, 421 Nationalities question

— struggle against Bonapartist demagogy — 104 See also Bonapartism; Polish question Natural science

— and philosophy — 551, 553 — and scientific communism — 232, 246-47 See also Astronomy; Chemistry; Dar-winism; Geology; Mathematics; Physics Neutrality (in international relations)—335-37 Nice—132

O

Organic composition of capital—395-98 Organisation of social labour and production— 397, 450

P

Parliament, English—299 Party of Progress (Germany, 1861-84)—66-67, 331, 431, 501 Party, proletarian

— character, tasks, vanguard role of — 81-84 — Marx's party, 'our party'—85, 87, 193 — after the defeat of the 1848-49 revolutions — 81-82, 87 — its policy on the nationalities question — 103-04 — tactics — 137, 154, 193 — struggle against slanderous accusations — 10, 13, 14, 15-16, 18-25, 27, 33, 40-45, 51-57, 59-79, 82-87, 92-103, 106, 107, 122-23, 128, 129, 131-32, 167, 169, 170, 175-78, 180, 184, 186-87, 189-91, 194, 204, 207-08, 211, 219, 222, 223, 231 See also Cologne Communist Trial, 1852; Communist League Philosophy

— and natural science — 551, 553 — Ancient Greek — 377, 515 — English — 246-57, 381

— German — 101, 498 See also Hegel, Hegelianism Physics—551 Physiocrats— 381, 403, 485, 487 Physiology— 397, 546 Poetry—115, 161-63, 375, 472, 475 Poland—102, 459, 462-64, 470-71, 484, 538 See also Polish national insurrection, 1863-64; Polish question Polish national insurrection, 1863-64—

453-56, 461, 464, 477, 483, 492, 538 — and prospects for European revolution — 453, 455-56 — and revolutionary movement in Russia — 453-55, 478 — peasant movement in Lithuania — 464, 477 — pro-Bonapartist policy of Right-wing leaders — 464-66, 484, 489-90, 492 — causes of defeat — 464-66, 477, 483, 489-90, 492-93 — and Austria — 492 — and England — 462-63, 484, 492 — and France — 460, 462-63, 489, 492, 537 — and Prussia — 455-56, 477, 537 — and Polish emigration — 455-56, 489-90, 493 — and tactics of proletarian party — 455, 457-61, 472, 474, 492 Polish question—103, 453, 455-56, 459,

461-62, 474, 477-78 See also Polish national insurrection,

1863-64 Press, the—&0, 115, 137, 283-84 Prevision, prognostication

— Marx' and Engels' forecast of different social phenomena — 7-8, 241-42, 437, 453, 468-69 Price

— effect of prices on money circulation — 471-72 — bourgeois economists on price formation — 396-97, 403-04, 485 See also Cost price Private property

— feudal — 317 See also Landed property Profit— 395-97, 485-87

See also Average rate of profit; Interest; Rate of profit; Rent; Surplus value Property— 317

See also Landed property; Private property Protectionism—8, 348, 370 Prussia— 248, 460-63, 554

— economy — 112, 519 — social and political system — 248, 280-81, 312-13, 325, 327-28, 329, 331, 473 — provincial Diet — 280-81, 288-89, 329, 331, 361.373,473,477, 506 — police system — 81, 280, 315 — constitutional conflict (1860s)— 280-81, 329, 361, 363, 366, 373, 418-19, 428-29, 431, 461, 473, . 477, 494, 506, 512-13, 584 — Wilhelm I's 'New Era'—312, 316-17, 329, 361 — Bismarck's coming to power— 418, 431 — law, courts — 40, 129, 145-52, 167,170,175-78,184, 186-87, 189, 194, 204, 207, 208, 219, 314-15 — press, censorship — 192, 248, 250, 281, 312, 353, 493-94 — prospects for revolution — 252, 437, 456, 461, 477, 505 — foreign policy and diplomacy— 262, 477, 512-13, 519 — and Germany's unification — 159, 160, 419 — and Austria — 513 — and Denmark — 513 — and England — 284 — and France — 18, 262 — and Germany — 419, 554 — and Poland; Prussian oppression — 453-56, 462-63, 477-78, 537, 538 — and Russia — 250, 262, 461-63, 505-06,- 537-38, 541 See also Amnesty for participants in 1848-49 revolution—in Prussia; Army—Prussian; Bonapartism— Bonapartist tendencies among Prussia's ruling circles; Bourgeoisie— Prussian; Germany; Party of Progress (Germany, 1861-84); Polish national insurrection, 1863-64—and Prussia; Rhine Province; Schleswig-Holstein question; Working-class movement in Germany

R

Rate of exchange—370 Rate of profit— 395-97 Raw materials—394, 485 Religion— 465, 468, 507, 512, 541,

542 See also Bible; Christianity; Judaism Rent— 380, 396-98, 403-04, 414, 485-97 — absolute and differential — 396-98, 403-04 — Physiocrats' theory of — 403 — A. Smith's theory of — 403, 485 — Ricardo's theory of — 378, 380, 396-98, 403-04, 485 — Rodbertus' theory of — 285, 378 See also Landed property Replacement of fixed capital—411-12, 414 Reproduction— 411-12, 485-87. Republican Party (USA)—210 Republic, bourgeois—416, 428 Revolution— 84, 98, 430

— prospects for revolution in Europe — 45, 437, 453, 477 See also Prevision, prognostication; Revolution as continuous process; Revolution, proletarian, socialist

Revolution as continuous process

— bourgeois-democratic revolution as its starting point — 437 Revolution, proletarian, socialist

— and bourgeois republic — 428 Rhine Province—109, 112, 418, 501 Russia (Russian Empire)

— peasant movement on the eve of • abolition of serfdom, (1861)— 4, 7 — preparations for abolition of serfdom — 4 — maturing of revolutionary situation in late 1850s and early '60s — 4, 7, 329, 453-56 — prospects for revolution — 453, 455-56 — foreign policy and diplomacy— 336-37, 470-71, 538 — in 1850s-60s — 121-22, 156-57, 250, 336-37, 537-38, 541, 543-44, 549, 554 — and Central Asia — 349 — and Far East — 345, 347-48, 349 — and Caucasus — 538, 543 — and Austria — 156-57, 250 — and England — 156-57 — and France — 250 — and Prussia — 250, 456, 538 — Tsarist policy in Poland — 325, 455-56, 459, 538 See also Aristocracy, nobility— Russian; Crimean War, 1853-56; Polish national insurrection, 1863-64;

War of 1812 in Russia

S

Schlesxuig-Holstein question—250, 299, 336-37, 494, 496, 549 — London Protocol of 1852 — 494, 496, 497, 532, 543 — in 1863-64 — 494, 496-97, 505-08, 512-13, 517, 531-32, 537-38, 541, 543-44, 549, 553, 554 See also Danish-Prussian war, 1848-50; Danish war, 1864 Science

— and production — 397, 450-51 — and the state, and politics — 473, 558 — scientific discoveries — 436, 473 — popularisation of — 436 See also History; Natural Science Social relations

— and material production — 449-50 Social (total) capital

— as sum of individual capitals— 395-96 See also Reproduction Société des saisons (Paris, 1837)—82 Society, bourgeois—82, 84-85, 294, 317-18 Spartacus revolt, the—265 State, the— 435, 467 Stock exchange—421 Surplus labour—394-95 Surplus value— 394-96, 486-87

See also Interest; Profit; Rent Switzerland— 560-61

T

Taxation—479-80

— in England —400, 420-21

— in Germany — 480 — in USA — 400, 420-21 Technology

— history of — 449-51 See also Big industry; Inventions; Machinery Teleology— 246 Theatre— 270-71, 288-89

See also Comedy; Drama, dramatic art Theory and practice

— link between — 403-04

U

United States of America—416, 561-62 — area and population — 300-01, 373 — immigration — 116-17, 119 — trade — 348-49, 420 — protectionism — 349, 370 — financial policy — 369-70, 387, 400, 419, 420-21 — the South (economic region) — 416 — the North-West (economic region)—119, 300-01, 307, 428 — agriculture, agrarian relations— 242, 387, 420 — slave-holding system in the South, its crisis — 242, 246, 416 — social and political system — 416, 421, 423, 428 — slave-holder oligarchy — 301, 416, 428 — internal policy — 364, 400, 416, 423. 429-30 — struggle to abolish slavery — 4, 7. 242, 300-01 — territorial expansion — 299-301 — foreign policy — 462 — and England — 246, 291, 333, 335-37, 348, 349, 369-70, 413, 430, 462-63 See also Democratic Party (USA); Republican Party (USA); US Civil War, 1861-65 US Civil War, 1861-65

— general description, significance — 277-78, 400, 416, 420-21, 428 — causes of — 277, 295-96, 300-01, 306-08, 420 — role of border States and Territories — 277, 295-97, 306, 307, 346, 349, 361, 387-88, 420, 423 — military strength of adver-saries — 277-78, 295-96, 372-73, 386-88, 400, 414-16, 456-57, 562 — secession of Southern states— 304-09 — progress of hostilities — 277-78, 295-96, 299, 303-04, 306, 346, 349, 353, 359-63, 366-68, 371, 386-88, 414-15, 420, 423, 434, 437-40, 454, 456-57, 478, 484, 486, 530, 531, 538-40, 558-59, 562 — inconsistent policy of Union government — 295, 300-01, 345, 349, 364, 372-73, 386-88, 400, 416, 421, 423, 428, 430, 440, 457, 462, 562 — constitutional conduct of war— 387, 400 — revolutionary conduct of war— 277-78, 386-88, 400, 420, 421, 423, 428 — slavery issue — 277-78, 299, 300-01, 387, 400, 420, 421, 428, 440 — Southern Confederacy, its policy — 277-78, 366-68, 387-88, 400, 414-15, 420-21. 428-30, 562 — and revolutionary émigrés of 1848-49 — 296, 300, 363, 371, 372, 416, 434, 437-38, 440 — and US economy — 369-70, 400, 420-21 — and England —277, 278, 291, 329, 335-37, 348-49, 362-63, 421, 423, 462 — and English bourgeoisie, its. press — 291, 348-49, 357-58, 369-71, 429, 432, 439-40, 467-68, 489, 530, 538 — and English working class — 357-58, 423, 430, 440, 488 . — and France — 291, 361, 430, 489 Urquhartism, Urquhartites—10, 103, 152-54, 453-54, 491-92

V

Value

— and cost price — 396-98, 403-04 — in classical bourgeois political economy — 396-97, 403-04, 485