Residual editorial notes
151 editorial note entries had no resolved in-text occurrence and remain here so no source note definition is discarded.
[16] The German Empire was formed as a result of the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-71.—13
[18] Cameralistics—a university course of administrative, financial, economic and other sciences taught in the Middle Ages and later.— 14
[32] Epigones — a reference to the German philosophers L.Büchner, F.A. Lange, E. K. Dühring, G. T. Fechner and others.— 19
[47] Paraphrased words from Butler's poem Hudibras: "For what is worth in any thing, But so much money as 'twill bring?" — 46
[66] The defeat of the 1848-49 revolutions was followed by a period of dismal political reaction in Europe. At that time spiritualism, especially table-turning, became the rage among the European aristocracy. In 1850-64 China was swept by an anti-
[71] The author was a Prussian official and writer who travelled in Russia in the 1840s. Marx criticises the author's attempts to attribute the remnants of communal property he discovered in the Russian agrarian system to the natural specifics of the Slavonic peoples.— 88 7 ' According to Epicurus, there is an endless multitude of worlds whose origin and existence is governed by their own natural laws. Gods exist too, but outside those worlds, in the spaces between them, and exert no influence whatever on the evolution of the universe or on human life. Marx analysed Epicurus' philosophic views in his doctorate thesis (see present edition, Vol. 1, pp. 25-106).— 90
[72] Marx examined Ricardo's analysis of the magnitude of value in his Theories of Surplus Value (see present edition, Vol. 32, pp. 32-35). See also Notes 2, 11.— 91
[77] Apparently a reference to the book by F. Bastiat, Harmonies économiques, 2 éd., Paris,
[78] 1851, pp. 329-30, 331.—92 78 Apparently a reference to the anonymous article "Herr Karl Marx" in: Der Pionier, No. 26, July 12, 1859, pp. 2-3 (under the heading "Vermischtes"). Its author was probably Karl Heinzen.— 92
[88] "These have one mind, and shall give their power and strength unto the beast. And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name" (Revelation 17:13 and 13:17).— 97
[89] This is a reference to the proposal to introduce labour money, made by John Gray in The Social System (1831) and later taken up by Proudhon.— 97
[99] In mythology the history of mankind was divided into 5 periods: Golden Age, Silver Age, Copper Age, Heroic Age, and finally, Iron Age. The legend about 5 ages is described in the works of the Greek poet Hesiod and Roman lyric poet Ovid.— 109
[100] A reference to the Anglo-Scottish Union of 1707 which led to Scotland's final unification with England. As a result, the autonomous Scottish parliament was abolished, Scots were granted seats in the English parliament and all economic barriers that existed between the two countries were removed.—109
[101] Cf. K. Marx, A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy. Part One (present edition, Vol. 29, p. 310).—109
[102] See Hieronymus, Epistula XXII. Ad Eustochium, 7: 1-2 and 30:3-4. Saint Jerome regarded classical Roman literature, especially the works of Cicero, as the temptation sent to him so as to alienate him from religious literature which is written in a less refined language.— 113
[109] Money non olet (has no smell) — this is alleged to have been the reply of the Roman Emperor Vespasian to his son Titus, when the latter reproached him for in-
[111] In his book De l'économie politique moderne. Discours fondamental sur la population, Londres, 1786, the Swiss economist J. Herrenschwand expressed his opinion that developed money circulation required relatively little metallic money.— 131
[112] 1 ' 2 On Hume's theory see Marx's work A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy. Part One (present edition, Vol. 29, pp. 391-96).—133
[114] 1 ' 4 Duke of Wellington commanded the allied army which defeated Napoleon at Waterloo (1815). Williams headed the defence of Kars during the Crimean war and surrendered the fortress to the Russian troops in November 1855.—135
[116] The official title of the Chinese emperor; here: Hien Fung.— 137
[117] P. Boisguillebert, Le détail de la France.— In: Economistes financiers du XVIHe siècle, éd. E. Daire, Paris, 1843, p. 213.—140
[118] See J. Vanderlint, Money Answers All Things..., London, 1734, pp. 4-5.— 141
[119] 1 ' 9 Nexus rerum (a connecting force) — in Roman law, the obligation of the debtor to the creditor.—141
[127] Psalms 42:1.-149
[131] This is an expression from H. Heine's Neuer Trühling. Prolog.— 153
[132] Bimetallism — a monetary system in which gold and silver serve as universal legal equivalents and constitute the basis of money circulation in a given country (16th-19th cent.). The increasing gap between the growth of production and the fall in the price of silver in the 1870s was one of the factors determining the transition to gold monometallism in a majority of countries.— 154
[138] Romans 2:29.-165
[139] A reference to Elémens d'idéologie, parts IV and V, entitled Traité de la volonté...; the first edition appeared in 1815. Traité d'économie politique came out in 1823.— 168
[140] A reference to l'Institut de France — France's highest scientific and art centre. It comprises five leading academies, including the Académie Française, and was founded in 1795. Destutt de Tracy was a member of Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques.— 173
[141] "Hic Rhodus, hic salta"! ("Rhodes is here, leap here and now"!) — this is a reply made, in one of Aesop's fables, to a boaster who claimed he had once made an immense leap in Rhodes.— 177
[151] 15 ' Marx quotes B. Franklin's definition of man from: [T. Bentley,] Letters on the Utility and Policy of Employing Machines to Shorten Labour..., London, 1780, pp. 2-3. In his Excerpt Notebook VII covering 1859-63, Marx copied out the following passage from this work: "Man has been defined many ways ... a tool-making animal, or engineer (Franklin), has by some been adopted as the best and most characteristic definition of man."—189, 331
[15 2] See H. Storch, Cours d'économie politique, ou exposition des principes qui déterminent la prospérité des nations. T. 1, Paris, 1823, pp. 237-38; A. Cherbuliez, Richesse ou pauvreté. Exposition des causes et des effets de la distribution actuelle des richesses sociales, Paris, 1841, p. 14.—192
[153] The Roman patrician Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus was reputed to have lived a simple and exemplary life, cultivating his own farm in person.— 194
[15 7] Apparently Marx used here the book of E. Burke, Thoughts and Details on Scarcity..., London, 1800, p. 10. See present edition, Vol. 34, pp. 253-54.—207
[158] See P. Corneille, Tite et Bérénice, Act V, Scene 1.— 214
[159] "The Case of the Millowners. To the Editor of the Times". In: The Times, No. 24413, November 26, 1862.—215
[161] See Capital, Vol. Ill, Part I, Ch. 2, "The Rate of Profit" (present edition, Vol. 37).—224
[162] Lucretius, De rerum natura, I, 156-57.— 225
[163] Marx ironically calls Röscher by the name of the famous Greek historian Thucydides since "Professor Roscher ... modestly proclaimed himself to be the Thucydides of political economy" (see present edition, Vol. 32, p. 502). Roscher's presumptu-ous reference to Thucydides can be found in the preface to the first edition of his Die Grundlagen der Nationalökonomie (1854). Cf. present edition, Vol. 31, pp. 352-54; Vol. 32, pp. 369, 502.—227
[167] See Capital, Vol. Ill, Part I, Ch. 1 "Cost-Price and Profit" (present edition, Vol. 37).—229
[169] The expression "all bosh" has been taken from the novel by J.J. Morier, Ayesha, the Maid of Kars (1834).—236
[171] 1 ' ' The reference is to An Act to Limit the Hours of Labour of Young Persons and Females in Factories [8th June 1847]. See this volume, pp. 288-89.-237
[17 3] The German editions allude here to the German economists Max Wirth, Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch and Otto Michaelis. Engels replaced the German names with typically English ones, probably having in mind the English economists Richard Jones and Thomas Brown. Introducing the name Robinson, Engels plays upon the bourgeois political economists' passion for Robinsonades (see Note 67). — 238
[174] See Q. Harlow, T. B. Wright,] The Currency Question. The Gemini Letters, London, 1844, p. 266 and also K. Marx, Outlines of the Critique of Political Economy (present edition, Vol. 29, p. 185) and K. Marx, A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Part One (ibid., p. 319).—241
[176] Literally, the farthest Thule; here the expression is used in the sense of "uttermost limit". (Thule is an island country believed by the ancients to be the most northerly in Europe.) See, for example, Publius Vergilius Maro, Georgica I, 30).— 241, 709
[177] Marx is alluding to "Sturm und Drang", a well-known literary movement in Germany in the last three decades of the 18th century, which reflected the discontent of progressive sections of society with the feudal absolutist systems in German states.—242, 408, 453, 555
[184] Ecce ilerum Crispinus (Here again is Crispinus) is the opening line of Satire IV by Ju-venal. In the figurative sense these words mean: "The same man again" or "The same thing over again".— 255
[185] The Eleatic school in Greek philosophy emerged in the late 6th-early 5th centuries B. C. Founded by Parmenides and developed by Zeno, Xenophanes and Melissus of Samos, it held that Being was the only reality, and that motion and diversity were merely an appearance.— 256
[18 6] Chevallier A., Dictionnaire des altérations et falsifications des substances alimentaires, médi-camenteuses et commerciales..., t. 1-2, Paris, 1850-1852.— 256
[189] f-jerc a n ci below Marx quotes from G. Read, A Brief History of the Bread Baking Trade... according to the Report Addressed..., London, 1862, pp. LI-LII.— 258
[191] 19 ' Here and below Marx quotes from the Second Report Addressed ... Relative to the Grievances Complained of by the Journeyman Bakers..., London, 1863, pp. X-XII.— 259
[194] A reference to the "swing riots", a widespread movement of farm labourers in the south and south-east of England in late 1830 and early 1831 and directed mainly against the use of threshing machines, which the labourers held responsible for growing impoverishment and unemployment, and also to the struggle of the agricultural workers of the counties in Central and East England for a shorter working day and higher wages in 1872-74, which was victorious in a number of counties. See also present edition, Vol. 23, pp. 148-49. Marx did not return to the subject of the movement of agricultural workers in Books II and III of Capital which he had initially intended to include in Volume Two. Marx never carried out this plan. See also Note 11.— 260, 667
[196] See "Worked to Death. To the Editor of The Times". In: The Times, No. 24597, June 29, 1863.—261
[199] W. Strange, The Seven Sources of Health, London, 1864, p. 84. This quotation from Strange is taken from Children's Employment Commission. Fourth Report..., London, 1865, p. 55.-264
[200] The reference is to the upswing of trade and industry, and the creation of a number of joint-stock companies, in Great Britain before the economic crisis of 1866.— 270
[211] An Act Touching Divers Orders for Artificers, Labourers, Servants of Husbandry and Apprentices [1562].—278, 372, 728
[213] The title page of the book bears the date of publication "1690". The date given by Marx can be explained by the fact that there is also a note on the title page, "Licens'd, Aug. 23d. 1689".--279
[216] See J. Vanderlint, Money Answers All Things..., London, 1734, p. 120.— 281
[230] An Act to Limit the Hours of Labour of Young Persons and Females in Factories.— 288
[237] The "Ten Tables" — the original version of the "Twelve Tables" (leges duodecim ta-bularum), the oldest legislative document of the Roman slave-owning state. Having the protection of private property as its aim, the law provided for an insolvent debtor to be imprisoned, or sold into slavery, or dismembered.— 292
[241] The reference is to the Foreign Enlistment Act of 1819 which prohibited fitting ships out for the waging of war against those countries with which Great Britain was not in a state of war. In November 1863 the Court of Exchequer decided that this law did not give the British government any legal grounds to seize the ship Alexandra intended for the confederative states.— 296
[250] The Court of Common Pleas — one of the former three superior courts of common law in England, having jurisdiction over the ordinary civil suits between subject and subject.— 301
[257] "The Eight-hours Movement in the United States". In: The Commonwealth, No. 153, February 10, 1866.—305
[260] The reference is to the Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen, adopted by the French Constituent Assembly on August 26, 1789, during the French Revolution. It proclaimed the main principles of the revolution: sovereignty of the people and the natural rights of man — the right to freedom, equality, property, security and resistance to oppression.— 307
[267] See W. Röscher, Die Grundlagen der Nationalökonomie. Dritte, vermehrte und verbesserte Aufl. Stuttgart und Augsburg, 1858, S. 88-89.-329
[270] Marx generalizes here the ideas ofjones set out in pp. 199-200 of his book. Cf. pre-
[271] sent edition, Vol. 30, p. 169.— 334 27 ' The reference is to the representatives of positivism, a philosophical system founded by Auguste Comte.— 338
[277] On the fourth book see Note 1. On A. Smith's view of the division of labour see K. Marx, Economic Manuscript of 1861-63 (present edition, Vol. 30, pp. 264-306).—353
[278] See [J.M.] Lauderdale, Recherches sur la nature et l'origine de la richesse publique..., Paris, 1808; A. Ure, Philosophie des manufactures..., t. 1, Paris, 1836, pp. 28-25 and also present edition, Vol. 29, pp. 78-79; Vol. 33, pp. 497-98.-353
[279] James Brindley — British engineer, son of a small farmer; author of a number of inventions, known mostly as a canal builder.— 353
[280] Engels refers to the conspectus of L. H. Morgan's book Ancient Society or Researches in the Lines of Human Progress from Savagery, through Barbarism to Civilization, London, 1877, written by Marx in 1880-81, which contained his own theses and critical remarks, as well as the data from other sources. Subsequently the conspectus became the basis of Engels' The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (present edition, Vol. 26).—356
[281] The reference is to J. Steuart, An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Oeconomy..., Vol. 1, London, 1767, p. 46 ff.; A. Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, London, 1776; [T. R. Malthus,] An Essay on the Principle of Population..., London, 1798; [R. Wallace,] A Dissertation on the Numbers of Mankind in Ancient and Modem Times..., Edinburgh, 1753; [R. Wallace,] Various Prospects of Mankind, Nature, and Providence, London, 1761; [J. Townsend,] A Dissertation on the Poor Laws, London, 1786; J. Townsend, A Journey through Spain in the Years 1786 and 1787. In 3 vols, London, 1791.— 357
[282] The demand for Indian cotton grew in England in consequence of the reduced supply from the USA during the 1861-65 Civil War.—358
[284] Bellum omnium contra omnes (The war of all against everybody)—an expression used by English philosopher Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan... In: Hobbes, Opera philosophica, Amstelodami, 1668, pp. 64-66, 72 and 83.— 361
[297] This would seem to be a reference to the measures proposed by Cunningham in "An Essay..." to force all the workers to like hard work. See Marx's Economic Manuscript of 1861-63 (present edition, Vol. 34, pp. 290-300).—373
[299] See Ch. Hutton, A Course of Mathematics, London, 1841, p. 810 and also present edition, Vol. 33, p. 483.-374
[316] See The Industry of Nations, Part II, pp. 198, 200 and also present edition, Vol. 33, pp. 418-19.—381
[317] See "The International Exhibition". In: The Standard, No. 11889, September 19, 1862 and also present edition, Vol. 32, pp. 199-200.—382
[333] See The Journal of the Society of Arts..., Vol. 10, April 19,1861, p. 408. Marx copied some extracts from that journal in Notebook VII of excerpts, which he filled in London in 1859-63. See also present edition, Vol. 30, p. 343.— 395
[336] The National Association for the Promotion of Social Science. Report of Proceedings..., Edinburgh, London, 1863.—397
[343] Presumably Marx refers here to A. Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature..., London, 1776, Vol. I, B. 1, Ch. I.—414
[344] Factories. Return to an Address ... dated24 April 1861... to be printed, 11 February 1862 [London, 1862].—417
[348] Statistical Abstract..., No. 8, London, 1861, pp. 34-37; Statistical Abstract..., No. 13, London, 1866, pp. 52-62.—420
[363] The reference here is to An Essay in Answer to the Question, Whether Does the Principle of Competition ... Form..., London, 1834.— 434
[371] Bill Sykes — a character in Charles Dickens' The Adventures of Oliver Twist, or the Parish Boy's Progress.— 445
[376] See Reports of the Inspectors of Factories ...for the Half Year Ending 31st October 1856..., London, 1857, p. 31.—453
[378] Statistical Abstract..., No. 8, London, 1861, pp. 28-29; Statistical Abstract..., No.13, London, 1866, pp. 46-47.-454, 455
[391] See The Industry of Nations, Part II, London, 1835, p. 394.-464
[399] The data cited in the last sentence of this quote are apparently based on the material of Children's Employment Commission. Second Report..., p. XIX, No. 143.— 471
[402] "Taxable at pleasure and mercy" (Fr. laillable à merci et miséricorde) —in medieval France,this term was applied to serfs; later, it was used to refer to restrictions on their legal rights.— 474
[4 0 3] See Children's Employment Commission. Second Report..., p. XLVII, No. 319.— 474
[4 0 5] The issue of The Times for February 26, 1864, does not contain the data cited by Marx. Cases of death are reported only in the February 20 issue (see The Times, No. 24803, February 20, 1864, p. 5, col. 6).—475
[406] See Children's Employment Commission. Second Report..., p. LXVI, No. 404.— 476
[409] Cf. Reports of the Inspectors of Factories ...for the Half Year Ending 31st October 1865..., London, 1866, pp. 12, 14.—478
[411] 41 ' An Act for the Extension of the Factory Acts [25th July 1864]. ( The Factory Acts Extension Act, 1864).—479, 484
[412] 4 ' 2 "Impossible!" cried Mirabeau to his secretary. "Never use that ridiculous word to me!" (Th. Carlyle, Chartism, London, 1840, p. 97).—480
[414] Excerpts from this work are in Marx's notebook filled in 1867-68.— 485
[416] 4 . 6 Cf. Children's Employment Commission. Fifth Report..., p. 2, No. 14.— 487
[417] 4 . 7 E. Boileau, Reglemens sur les arts et métiers de Paris, rédigés au XXIIIe siècle, et connus sous le nom du livre des métiers... Paris, 1837, p. 19.— 488
[418] "Let the cobbler stick to his last!" — the ancient Greek painter Apelles' rejoinder to a critique of his work by a certain shoemaker.— 491
[419] Cf. Children's Employment Commission. Fifth Report..., p. XXIII.— 494
[421] An Act for Regulating the Hours of Labour for Children, Young Persons, and Women Employed in Workshops... [21st August 1867].— 495
[429] The reference is to the first factory law passed by the government of Switzerland on March 23, 1877, which became effective on March 1, 1878: Bundesgesetz betref-fend die Arbeit in den Fabriken.— 506
[430] See L. Lavergne, The Rural Economy of England, Scotland and Ireland, Edinburgh, London, 1855.—505
[4 3 2] Marx used here his conspectus of Liebig's book made in 1865.— 508
[4 4 5] See present edition, Vol. 42, pp. 136-37.—529
[447] Marx apparently refers to Chapters V and VI of H. Carey's book The Slave Trade, Domestic and Foreign..., Philadelphia, 1853.— 533
[4 4 9] Contrat social—according to Rousseau's Du Contrat social; ou Principes du droit politique..., London, 1782, the agreement entered into by ancient people — originally living in "the state of nature" — which led to the formation of the political state. — 536, 754
[4 6 5] The fact cited by Marx is not mentioned in The Standard, No. 11610, October 26, 1861 and The Evening Standard, No. 11610, October 26, 1861.—557
[467] See the English edition: Elements of Political Economy, London, 1821, pp. 25-26.— 567
[469] In the English edition: Elements of Political Economy, London, 1821, p. 181.— 570
[4 7 0] See P. Rossi, Cours d'économie politique..., Bruxelles, 1843, p. 370.— 571
[4 7 3] Marx hints here at the conduct of Lord Chamberlain Kalb, a character in Schiller's tragedy Perfidy and Love (Act III, Scene 2).— 575
[474] The Times, No. 24514, May 24, 1863, p. 9, col. 3 . - 5 7 6
[480] See Marx's critique of Proudhon's view of property (present edition, Vol. 6, p. 197; Vol. 28, p. 412).—583
[487] 4 8' In the 4th German edition: "in the second and seventh parts of Book III" (see present edition, Vol. 37). See also Note 11.— 587
[499] Report from the Select Committee on the Working of the Adulteration of Food Act (1872), 1874.—597
[500] D. Ricardo, On the Principles of Political Economy..., London, 1821, p. 320.— 602
[512] 5 ' 2 Marx apparently refers to Mirabeau's L'ami des hommes, ou traité de la population, Pa-
[514] Marx apparently refers to T. Chalmers' On Political Economy..., 2 ed., Glasgow, 1832, pp. 344, 346.—613
[519] 57). Besides, British troops crushed the Indian national-liberation rebellion in 1857-59.—632 5 , 9 Luke 16:20.-638
[527] See Statistical Abstract for the United Kingdom..., London, 1861, pp. 13, 32-33; ibid., London, 1866, pp. 13, 63, 116, 117; ibid., London, 1868, p. 5 3 . - 6 4 5
[528] Xhe reference is apparently to the economic crisis of 1866, which England's cotton textiles industry entered later than the heavy industries. The textile industry reached the lowest point of the crisis in 1869.— 645
[538] Cf. Public Health. Eighth Report..., London, 1866, pp. 14-15.—652
[543] See Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Condition of All Mines..., London, 1864.—658
[550] Until the passing of the Poor Act of 1834, the 1601 law (An Act for the Reliefe of the Poore. 43 Elizabeth, c. 2), with insignificant alterations, was effective.— 666
[561] Public Health. Sixth Report..., pp. 454-62, 395-96.-687
[563] See present edition, Vol. 21, pp. 189-206.—688
[564] See Agricultural Statistics, Ireland, General Abstracts..., Dublin, 1861, p. 4; 1862, p. 4; 1863, p. 4; 1864, p. 4; 1865, pp. 4-7; Agricultural Statistics, Ireland. Tables showing..., 1866, pp. 3, 6.—691
[567] The data of the table are partly borrowed from, and partly calculated on the basis of, the Tenth Report..., London, 1866, pp. LXII-LXIII.—693
[574] L. de Lavergne's Essai sur l'économie rurale de l'Angleterre, de l'Ecosse et de l'Irlande, which appeared in Paris in 1854, was published in English in 1855: The Rural Economy of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Edinburgh, London, 1855. Marx probably refers to The Rural Economy..., pp. 48, 50, 51.— 703
[576] "A cruel fate torments the Romans, and the crime of fratricide", Horace, Epodes, 7. — 703
[579] A. Thiers, De la propriété, Paris, 1848, pp. 36, 42, 151.—705
[581] After the Norman conquest— the reference is to the raids of Western Normans, Danes and Norwegians against Ireland, Scotland and England.— 708
[592] The data are apparently borrowed from F. M. Eden's book The State of the Poor..., Vol. I, London, 1797, p. 115.—710
[6 1 0] [N. Forster,] An Enquiry into the Causes..., London, 1767; S. Addington, An Inquiry into the Reasons..., Coventry, 1772; N. Kent, Hints to Gentlemen of Landed Property, London, 1776; R. Price, Observations on the Means of Exciting..., London, 1777. — 716
[611] 6 ' ' The Licinian rogations were passed in Ancient Rome in 367 B. C. They reflected a certain strengthening of the economic and political positions of the plebs, restricting the right of passage of communal lands into private ownership and a partial cancellation of debts. The Roman tradition ascribes the authorship of the rogations to the popular tribunes Licinius and Sextus.— 717
[613] 6 ' 3 The reference is to the 1745-46 uprising of the followers of the Stewart dynasty, who fought for the enthronement of the "young Pretender" Charles Edward. The uprising reflected at the same time the protest of the popular masses of Scotland and England against their exploitation by the landlords and mass loss of land. After the suppression of the uprising by the regular army of England, the clan system in the Highlands rapidly began to disintegrate, and peasants were evicted from their lands on an even greater scale.— 719
[615] 6 ' 5 Taksmen was the term used in Scotland to denote elders directly subordinate to the laird or chief of the clan (the "great man"). The latter gave the elders the land or tak which was the property of the whole clan, for which the taksmen paid him a small tribute. As the clan system disintegrated, the laird became an ordinary landlord, and the taksmen, capitalist farmers.— 719
[621] See Journal of the Society of Arts..., Vol. 15, London, March 23, 1866, p. 327.— 722
[626] The reference is to W. Harrison, "The Description of England", in: The First and Second Volumes of Chronicles, First Collected and Published by R. Holinshed, W. Harrison, and others, London, 1587.— 725
[648] Quoted from F.M. Eden, The State of the Poor..., Vol. I, London, 1797, p. 120. — 732
[649] See A. A. Monteil, Traité de matériaux manuscrits..., tome premier, Paris, 1835.— 733
[657] Marx borrowed these data, as well as the quotations here and below, from W. Howitt's Colonization and Christianity..., London, 1838, pp. 194-96, 197, 198, 199, 200, 256, 258, 260, 268, 269, 348, 362.— 740
[6 5 8] Marx refers to the book by Raffles quoted by Howitt mentioned above. Marx had made excerpts from this book in 1853.— 740
[6 6 4] Marx apparently refers to W. Cobbett's A History of the Protestant "Reformation"..., Letter 14, § 402. London, 1824.—742
[665] Marx probably refers here to H. S.J. Bolingbroke's "Some Reflections on the Present State of the Nation...", in: H.S.J. Bolingbroke, The Works, Vol. 3, London, 1777, pp. 145-46.-743
[674] Marx draws here on J. Fielden, The Curse of the Factory System..., [London,] 1836, pp. 8, 11-12.—746
[676] The Asiento Treaty — according to this, Spain granted special rights to sell African slaves in the 16th-18th centuries.— 747
[677] Marx borrowed the data from J. Aikin's A Description of the Country..., London, 1795, p. 369.-747
[6 8 0] Beginning from 1850, the various parts of Australia received limited self-rule.—760