Name Index

A

Ainsworth and Crompton—textile manufacturers in Bolton — 508 Albert, Prince Consort of Queen Victoria of Great Britain (1819-1861)—650 Alexander I (1777-1825)—Emperor of Russia (1801-25)—205 Alison, Sir Archibald (1792-1867)— Scottish historian and economist, Tory — 14, 338, 389, 398, 412, 416, 417, 421, 424, 426, 558, 560 Alison, William Pulteney (1790-1859)— professor of medicine at Edinburgh University, Tory — 338, 389, 398 Alston, G.—preacher of St. Philip's Church, Bethnal Green (London)— 334 Anaxagoras (c. 500-428 B.C.)—Greek philosopher — 128 Angles, Jules Jean Baptiste (1778-1828)— police prefect in Paris — 611 Angoulême, Marie Thérèse Charlotte, duch-esse d' (1778-1851)—daughter of Louis XVI — 611 Antonius, Marcus (83-30 B.C.)—Roman politician and general, supporter of Julius Caesar — 122 Arch, Joseph—founder of the National Agricultural Labourers' Union — 555 Aristides (c. 540-467 B.C.)—Athenian statesman and general during the Greco-Persian wars — 121

Arkwright, Sir Richard (1732-1792)— English manufacturer, inventor of the spinning throstle, the carding engine and other spinning machines named after him — 12, 312, 503 Arnauld, Antoine (1612-1694)—French philosopher, adherent of Descartes' theory of cognition — 127 Ashley (Cooper Anthony Ashley, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury) (1801-1885)—English politician, Tory philanthropist — 14, 423, 435, 437, 440, 451, 463, 464, 539, 578 Ashton, Thomas—manufacturer in Hyde (near Manchester)—477 Ashton, Thomas—son of Thomas Ashton, killed in 1831 during workers' disturbances in Hyde — 508 Ashworth, Edmund (1801-1881)—English manufacturer, liberal — 451, 477, 511 Attila (d. 453)—King of the Huns (433-453)—626, 635

B

Babeuf, François Noel (Gracchus) (1760-1797)—French revolutionary, advocate of Utopian egalitarian communism, organiser of the "conspiracy of equals" —47, 119, 131, 667 liacon, Francis, Baron Veruiam, Viscount St. Albans (1561-1626)—English philosopher, naturalist and historian — 128-29 Bailey, William—manufacturer in Stalybridge — 520 Baines, Sir Edward (1800-1890)—English

economist, liberal — 429 Bakunin, Mikhail (1814-1876)—Russian revolutionary and writer, one of the ideologists of the Narodnik trend and of anarchism — 212 Bardsley, Samuel Argent (1764-1851) —

physician in Manchester (1790-1823), author of several works on medicine— 420 Barham, Charles Foster (1804-1884)— English physician, member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 531 Barmecides—a noble Persian family which

attained great power under the Abba-sid caliphs — 579 Barry, Sir David (1780-1835)—English physician and physiologist — 445-48, 453-54 Bauer, Bruno (1809-1882)—German philosopher, Young Hegelian — 7, 16, 39, 40, 78, 79, 81, 85-89, 91, 92, 94, 95, 99-104, 106-13, 115, 117-18, 131,

132, 134-44, 146-47, 149, 151, 152, 153-58, 166, 191-93, 211, 240 Bauer, Edgar (1820-1886)—German philosopher and writer, Young Hegelian, brother and fellow-thinker of Bruno Bauer — 19-24, 33, 34, 37-43, 48, 50-53, 78, 87, 146, 147, 156-57, 188, 211, 213 Bäumler (Bimeler), Joseph Michael (c. 1778-1853)—German pastor, separatist; emigrated to America in 1817 and founded a communist colony at Zoar (Ohio)—220, 221 Bayle, Pierre (1647-1706)—French sceptic philosopher, critic of religious dogmatism — 127 Beaumont de la Bonninière, Gustave Auguste de (1802-1866)—French liberal writer and politician, author of several works on slavery in the United States— 186

Beaumont, Thomas B. (d. 1859)—English surgeon — 445, 449 Becker, August (1814-1871)—German journalist, Utopian Communist; in the 1840s one of the leaders of the Weitling communities in Switzerland — 242, 655 Benda, Daniel Alexander (1786-1870)— German liberal journalist — 10 Benedix, Roderick (1811-1873)—German author and playwright, manager of a theatre in Elberfeld (1845)—238 Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832)—English sociologist, theoretician of utilitarian-ism — 131-34, 178, 188, 194, 528, 667 Bentley and White—owners of a sawmill at Bury (Lancashire)—509 Béraud, F.F.A.—police commissioner in Paris — 20, 156 Birley, Hugh Hornby—Manchester manufacturer, Tory — 514, 521 Bishop, Theresa—London working woman — 335 Blackstone, Sir William (1723-1780)— English lawyer, advocate of constitutional monarchy—:195 Blyth—manufacturer in Holmfirth (Yorkshire)—471 Böhme, Jakob (1575-1624)—German handicraftsman, pantheist philosopher —128 Borthwick, Peter (1804-1852)—English politician, Tory, editor of the Morning Post—578 Bourbons—French royal dynasty (1589-1792, 1814-15 and 1815-30)—81, 124, 598, 607 Bouverie, William Pleydell, 3rd Earl of Radnor (1779-1869)—English politician, Whig — 555 Bowers—manufacturer at Holmfirth (Yorkshire)—471 Boz—see Dickens, Charles Bray, John Francis (1809-1897)—English economist, Utopian Socialist, follower of Robert Owen, advocated the theory of "labour money"—288 Bridgewater, Francis Egerton, Duke of (1736-1803)—big English landowner, known as the "father of British inland navigation"—319 Brindley, James (1716-1772)—English engineer — 319 Brocklehurst, John (1788-1870)—English manufacturer and financier, Member of Parliament for Macclesfield (1832-66), liberal — 486-87 Brougham and Vaux, Henry Peter, 1st Baron (1778-1868)—English statesman, lawyer and writer, Whig — 471 Brüggemann, Karl Heinrich (1810-1887)— German liberal journalist — 10 Bruno—see Bauer, Bruno Brutus, Marcus Junius (c. 85-42 B.C.)— Roman politician, republican, one of the initiators of the conspiracy against Julius Caesar — 121-22 Bûchez, Philippe Joseph Benjamin (1796-1865)—French politician, historian, Christian Socialist — 119, 211 Buckingham, James Silk (1786-1855)— English writer and traveller, Member of Parliament for Sheffield (1832-37); in 1837-40 lived in America — 222 Buonarroti, Filippo Michèle (1761-1837)— Italian revolutionary, Utopian Communist; a leader of the French revolutionary movement in the late 18th and early 19th century, Babeufs comrade-in-arms — 119, 667 Bürgers, Heinrich (1820-1878)—German radical journalist — 240 Burns, Major J. A.—member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 484 Bussey, Peter—delegate to the Chartist Convention of 1839; abandoned the Chartist movement after an unsuccessful attempt to raise a revolt in Yorkshire in 1839 — 519 Byron, George Gordon Noel, Lord (1788-1824)—English romantic poet — 528

C

Cabanis, Pierre Jean Georges (1757-1808)— French physician and philosopher— 125-26

Cabet, Etienne (1788-1856)—French writer, Utopian Communist, author of the book Voyage en Icarie—131, 667 Caesar, Gaius Julius (c. 100-44 B.C.)— Roman general and statesman — 121-22 Canning, George (1770-1827)—English statesman, diplomat, Tory; Foreign Secretary (1807-09; 1822-27), Prime Minister (1827)—667 Carlyle, Thomas (1795-1881)—British writer, historian and philosopher, supported the Tories; preached views bordering on feudal socialism up to 1848; later a relentless opponent of the working-class movement — 14, 368, 389, 390, 392, 414, 510, 560, 562, 563, 578-79

Carter—coroner for Surrey (London)— 334 Cartwright, Edmund (1743-1823)—English parson, inventor of the power-loom — 312 Cassius Longinus, Gaius (d. 42 B.C.)—Roman politician, republican, one of the organisers of the conspiracy against Julius Caesar — 122 Catilina, Lucius Sergius (c. 108-62 B.C.)— Roman politician, organiser of the conspiracy against the aristocratic republic — 121-22 Cato, Marcus Porcius (95-46 B.C.)—Roman statesman and philosopher, leader of the republicans — 122 Chadwick, Sir Edwin (1800-1890)— English official, member of Parliamentary Factories Inquiry Commissions— 339 Champneys, William Weldon (1807-1875)—English parson, philanthropist — 385 Chaptal, Jean Antoine Claude (1756-1832) —French statesman and chemist— 200 Charles I (1600-1649)—King of Great Britain and Ireland (1625-49), executed during the English revolution of the 17th century — 262 Charles II (1630-1685)—King of Great Britain and Ireland (1660-85)—576 Cherbuliez, Antoine Elisée (1797-1869)— Swiss economist, wanted to combine Sismondi's doctrine with elements of the Ricardian theory — 271, 287 Chevalier, Michel (1806-1879)—French engineer, economist and journalist, Saint-Simonist in the 1830s, later a free trader — 283 Clavière, Etienne (1735-1793)—Swiss financier; during the French Revolution was a member of the Legislative Assembly, Minister for Finance in the Girondist Government — 270 Clodius, Publius (c. 93-52 B.C.)—sur-named Pulcher—Roman politician, supporter of Julius Caesar — 121 Cobden, Richard (1804-1865)—English manufacturer and politician, a leader of the free traders and founder of the Anti-Corn Law League — 588 Collins, Anthony (1676-1729)—English philosopher— 129 Collins, John Anderson (c. 1810-1879)— English Socialist; after his emigration to America became a follower of Fourier and an abolitionist, founded a communist colony in the state of New York (1813)—223 Comte, François Charles Louis (1782-1837) —French liberal writer and economist —24, 44-46, 270 Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de (1715-1780) —French philosopher, follower of Locke — 127, 129 Considérant, Victor Prosper (1808-1893)— French writer, Utopian Socialist, di-sciple and follower of Fourier — 667

Cowan, Robert—English physician, author of Vital Statistics of Glasgow—404 Coward, William (c. 1656-1725)—English physician and philosopher — 129 Cowell, John W.—member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in 1833— 441, 445, 450, 453, 454 Crémieux, Isaac Moïse, dit Adolphe (1796-1880)—French lawyer and politician, in the 1840s was a liberal — 115 Croker, John Wilson (1780-1857)—British politician and writer — 560

Crompton, Samuel (1753-1827)—English engineer, inventor of the spinning mule — 12, 312

D

Dante, Alighieri (1265-1321)—Italian poet — 645 Danton, Georges Jacques (1759-1794)— leading figure in the French Revolution; leader of the Right wing of the Jacobins — 121 Davy, Sir Humphry (1778-1829)—English chemist and physicist — 318, 537 Democritus (c. 460-c. 370 B.C.)—Greek philosopher, one of the founders of the atomistic theory — 126, 128 Demosthenes (384-322 B.C.)—Greek ora-tor and politician — 121 Descartes (Cartesius), René (1596-1650)— French philosopher, mathematician and naturalist — 125-26, 129, 130, 132 Destutt de Tracy, Antoine Louis Claude,

Comte de (1754-1836)—French economist, philosopher, advocate of constitutional monarchy — 33 Dézamy, Théodore (1803-1850)—French writer, advocate of Utopian communism — 131, 667 Dickens, Charles John Huffam (1812-1870) —English novelist — 9, 327 Diderot, Denis (1713-1784)—French philosopher in the period of Enlightenment; atheist, leader of the Encyclo-paedists — 130, 528 Disraeli, Benjamin, Earl of Beaconsfield (1804-1881)—British author and statesman; in the 1840s adhered to the "Young England" group, subsequently became a Tory leader; Prime Minister (1868 and 1874-80)—420, 578 Dodwell, Henry, the younger (d. 1784)— English philosopher — 129 Doleke, Hermann—teacher of German, one of the leaders of the "Young Germany" secret society in Switzerland — 651 Douglas—manufacturer in Pendleton (Manchester)—446 Drinkwater J. E.—member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in 1833— 445, 447, 469 Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby,( 1796-1861)—

English radical politician, took part in the Chartist movement in the 1840s — 322, 545, 569, 570 Dunoyer, Barthélémy Charles Pierre Joseph (1786-1862)—French economist

and politician — 283 Duns Scotus, John (c. 1265-1308)— medieval scholastic philosopher, Nominalist — 127 Dupuis, Charles François (1742-1809)—

French philosopher in the period of Enlightenment— 130 Duveyrier, Charles (1803-1866)—French

man of letters and lawyer, follower of Saint-Simon — 283

E

Edgar—see Bauer, Edgar Egidius, H. L.—see Weil, Carl Elizabeth I (1533-1603)—Queen of England (1558-1603)-571 Elisabeth-Louise (1801-1873)—Queen of

Prussia, wife of Frederick William IV —650 Engels, Frederick (1820-1895)—2, 4, 32,

212, 214, 229, 232, 235, 238-41, 295, 299, 304, 584, 613, 645, 651, 654, 656 Epicurus (c. 341-c. 270 B.C.)—Greek

atomistic philosopher — 126, 169 Estwood—manufacturer at Holmfirth (Yorkshire)—471

F

Faraday, Michael (1791-1867)—English physicist and chemist — 546

Faucher, Julius (Jules) (1820-1878)—German writer, Young Hegelian; advocate of free trade — 7, 12, 14, 38, 40, 78, 81, 87

Faucher, Léon (1803-1854)—French writer and politician of moderate liberal views — 488 Fein, Georg (1803-1869)—took part in the democratic movement in Germany in the thirties and forties of the 19th century, member of the "Young Germany" secret society in Switzerland— 651 Ferrand, William Bushfield—English landowner, Tory, member of the "Young England" group — 569, 578 Ferrier, François Louis Auguste (1777-1861)—French economist and official, advocate of mercantilism — 268, 269, 290-93 Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas von (1804-1872)—German philosopher — 39, 56, 83, 92-94, 125, 127, 139, 141, 147, 212, 235, 236, 613, 653, 665 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb (1762-1814)—German philosopher — 120, 139 Fielden, John (1784-1849)—English manufacturer, philanthropist, propo-nent of factory legislation — 578 Finch, John—English journalist, traveller, follower of Robert Owen, contributor to the newspaper The New Moral World —216, 217, 219-21, 240 Fleischhammer, Emil—correspondent of the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung in Breslau — 145, 146 Fourier, François Marie Charles (1772-1837)—French Utopian Socialist — 31, 50, 81, 84, 88, 131, 152, 194, 196, 201, 232, 263, 597, 613-16, 617, 618, 619, 620, 622, 641-43, 667 Foy, Maximilien Sébastien (1775-1825)— French general; liberal politician — 74 François de Neufchâteau, Nicolas Louis,

Comte (1750-1828)—French writer and politician, Minister for the Interior in the period of the Directory — 598 Franks, R. H.—reporter in the Children's Employment Commission in England in 1841 — 497 Frederick Augustus II (1797-1854)—King of Saxony (1836-54)—646 Frederick William IV (1795-1861)—King of Prussia (1840-61)—649-50 Friedrich Ferdinand Leopold (1821-1847) —Archduke of Austria — 650 Froment, M.—police official in Paris during the Restoration — 74 Frost, John (1784-1877)—English radical, joined the Chartist movement in 1838; was sentenced to transportation to Australia for organising the miners' insurrection in Wales (1839); returned to England in 1856 after an amnesty— 519

G

Galway, Ann—London working woman— 334 Gans, Eduard (c. 1798-1839)—German philosopher, professor of law at Berlin University, follower of Hegel — 179

Gamier, Germain, Marquis (1754-1821)— French economist and politician, monarchist; follower of the Physiocrats, translator and critic of Adam Smith— 291 Gaskell, Peter—English physician and liberal journalist — 14, 366, 401, 422, 426, 579 Gassendi, Pierre (1592-1655)—French philosopher, adherent of the atomistic theory propounded by Epicurus; physicist and mathematician — 126 Gay, Jules (1807-after 1876)—French Utopian Communist — 131, 667 Gibson—Scottish building worker — 591 Gilbert, Thomas (1720-1798)—English lawyer and politician, one of the sponsors of the Poor Laws — 576

Ginal—German pastor in Philadelphia, founder of a communist colony in Pennsylvania — 222 Girard, Philippe Henri de (1775-1845)— French engineer, inventor of a flax-spinning machine — 315 Godwin, William (1756-1836)—English writer and journalist, one of the founders of anarchism — 528, 667 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1749-1832) —German poet — 63, 142, 175

Goldsmith, Oliver (1728-1774)—Anglo-Irish poet — 552 Görtz—Prussian official, Chief Burgomaster of Trier in the 1840s — 678, 679 Graham—Glasgow worker, strikebreaker —509 Graham, George—English official, Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages — 403 Graham, Sir James Robert George (1792-1861)—English statesman; a Whig at the beginning of his political career, later an adherent of Robert Peel; Home Secretary in Peel's Cabinet (1841-46); Tory — 14, 16, 464-65

Grainger, Richard Dugard (1801-1865)— English physician and physiologist, member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 357, 402, 409, 480, 482, 483, 491 Greg, Robert Hyde (1795-1875)—big English manufacturer, liberal — 450, 477

Grotius, Hugo (1583-1645)—Dutch scientist, lawyer, one of the founders of the theory of natural law — 48 Grün, Karl Theodor Ferdinand (pen-name: Ernst von der Haide) (1817-1887)— German writer, in the mid-1840s a "true Socialist"—232 Gruppe, Otto Friedrich (1804-1876)— German writer and philosopher, opponent of the Young Hegelians; attacked Bruno Bauer in 1842 — 157

H

Hamilton, Alexander, Duke of (1767-1852) —big Scottish landowner, Whig — 539

Hargreaves, James (d. 1778)—English spinner and weaver, inventor of the power-loom known as the jenny — 12, 310 Hartley, David (1705-1757)—English physician and philosopher — 129

Harun al-Rashid (763-809)—Caliph of Baghdad of the Abbasid dynasty (786-809)—179 Haslam, Messrs.—owners of the collieries in Belper — 543 Hawkins, Francis Bisset (1796-1894)— English physician and journalist; member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in 1833 — 405, 436, 440, 441, 445, 446, 450, 451-53, 461, 466 Heathcoat, John (1783-1861)—English engineer, inventor of the bobbin-net machine — 314 Hébert, Jacques René (1757-1794)—prominent figure in the French Revolution, leader of the Left wing of the Jacobins — 114, 667 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770-1831)—German philosopher — 12, 18, 20, 22, 23-. 36, 40, 57, 60-61, 78, 79, 82, 85-87, 90-92, 103, 107, 114, 125, 130-31, 137-39, 141-42, 149, 167, 179, 192-93, 201, 613, 614, 641, 665 Heine, Heinrich (1797-1856)—German revolutionary poet — 157, 232 Helvétius, Claude Adrien (1715-1771)— French philosopher, atheist, Enlighten-er — 127, 129-33, 528, 667 Henfrey—manufacturer in Manchester— 513, 585-86, 589-96 Hennen, John (1779-1828)—English army physician, author of several works on military medicine — 339 Hess, Moses (1812-1875)—German radical journalist, one of the main expo-nents of "true socialism" in the mid-1840s — 232, 235, 238-40

Hey, William (1772-1844)—English physician, member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in 1833 — 445, 446, 449 Higby (Hizby), E. L.—ironmaster in Pittsburg (Ohio), founder of a communist colony — 223 Hilditch, Richard—English economist in the middle of the 19th century— 287

Hindley, Charles—English manufacturer, philanthropist, supported Factory legislation — 578 Hinrichs, Hermann Friedrich Wilhelm (1794-1861)—German professor of philosophy, Right-wing Hegelian—

90-93, 97, 103, 108, 137, 138, 140, 141 Hirsch, Samuel (1809-1889)—Rabbi in

Dessau, philosopher and writer of religious leanings — 88, 89 Hirzel, Konrad Melchior (1793-1843)—

Swiss politician and journalist, Zurich correspondent of the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung— 145-47, 210 Hizby—see Higby Hobbes,, Thomas (1588-1679)—English philosopher — 126, 129 Hobhousè, John Cam, Baron Broughton de

Gyfford (1786-1869)—EngKsh liberal politician — 459, 462 Hoffmann, Max—apothecary, one of the leaders of the "Young Germany" secret society in Switzerland — 651 Holbach. Paul Henri Dietrich, Baron d' (1723-1789)—French philosopher, atheist, Enlightener — 130, 132, 133, 528, 667 Holland, P. H.—physician in Manchester —404 Homer—epic poet of Ancient Greece, author of Iliad and Odyssey—47, 190 Hood, Thomas (1799-1845)—English realist poet, democrat — 500 Home, Richard Henry (1803-1884)— English writer, member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 409, 410, 492 Horner, Leonard (1785-1864)—English geologist and public figure; factory inspector (1833-56), member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in 1833 and of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841; took the side of the workers — 435, 463 Hübner, Karl Wilhelm (1814-1879)—German realist artist of a democratic orientation — 230 Hunt, Thomas—English Socialist, founder of the communist colony Equality in Wisconsin — 223 Huntsman, Benjamin (1704-1776)—English inventor — 317 Huskisson, William (1770-1830)— English statesman, Tory, Secretary of the Board of Trade (1823-27)—657 I

Ibbetson—manufacturer in Sheffield— 508

J

Jerrold, Douglas William (1803-1857)— English journalist, correspondent of The Illuminated Magazine in the 1840s —574 Johann Nepomuk Marie Joseph (1801-1873)—Prince of Saxony; King of Saxony from 1854 — 645, 646 Johns, William—English physician, Registrar in Chief for Manchester — 437

Johnson—worker at the factory of Pauling and Henfrey in Manchester — 593 Jungnitz, Ernst (d. 1848)—German journalist, Young Hegelian, contributor to the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung—17

K

Kaiser, Heinrich Wilhelm—German writer of the 1840s, author of a work on French socialism and communism— 642 Kant, Immanuel (1724-1804)—German philosopher — 179 Kay-Shuttleworth, Sir James Phillips (1804-1877)—English physician and public figure — 351, 362, 364-66, 390, 467 Kennedy, John (1769-1855)—textile manufacturer in Manchester — 468 Kitchen—manufacturer in Sheffield— 508 Knight, Arnold—physician in Manchester —493 Köchlin—manufacturer in Württemberg —288 Köttgen (Koettgen), Gustav Adolf (1805-1882)—German artist and poet; took part in the working-class movement in the 1840s; his views were close to those of the "true Socialists"—238, 239

Krug, Wilhelm Traugott (1770-1842)— German philosopher — 150

Kuhlmann, Georg—secret informer of the Austrian Government; in the 1840s preached the ideas of "true socialism" among the German artisans, followers of Weitling in Switzerland, using religious phraseology to pose as a prophet — 655

L

Lamettrie (La Mettrie), Julien Offray de

(1709-1751)—French physician and philosopher — 125-26, 130

Law, John (1671-1729)—Scottish economist and financier, Director-General of Finance in France (1719-20)— 126, 624 Leach, James—a spinner by profession, took an active part in the English labour movement, one of the leaders of Chartist organisations in Lancashire in the 1840s — 429, 430, 469, 470, 485, 486, 488, 588 Leclerc, Théophile (b. 1771)—prominent figure in the French Revolution, one of the leaders of the revolutionary plebeian trend (Enragés)—119, 667

Lee, John (1779-1859)—Scottish pastor, rector of Edinburgh University from 1840 — 338 Lehon—Paris notary — 70

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1646-1716)— German philosopher and mathemati-cian — 99, 125, 126, 129, 130 Leifchild, John Roby—member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 497 Leon, Graf (Bernhard Müller)—German colonist in America, founder of the New Jerusalem communist colony in Philipsburgh — 219

Leopold I (1790-1865)—King of Belgium (1831-65)—676 Leroux, Pierre (1797-1871)—French writer, Utopian Socialist — 667 Le Roy (in Dutch—De Roy, in Latin, Regius), Henry (1598-1679)—Dutch physician and philosopher — 125, 126

Leske, Karl Friedrich Julius (1821-1886)— German publisher; in the 1840s and 1850s was head of the publishing firm founded in 1821 in Darmstadt by his father Karl Wilhelm Leske, whose name he used to sign papers — 654, 675, 676 Lessing, Karl Friedrich (1808-1880)—German artist of democratic tendencies— 231 Lindley, John—inventor of the point-net machine — 314 List, Friedrich (1789-1846)—German economist, advocated protectionism— 258, 259, 265-78, 283-92 Locke, John (1632-1704)—English philosopher and economist — 125, 127, 129-30, 131, 132

Londonderry, Charles William Stewart (Vane), 3rd Marquess of (1778-1854)— big English landowner, served in the army and in diplomacy — 544

Loudon, Charles (1801-1844)—English physician, member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in 1833 — 445-46, 449, 452-54 Louü XIV (1638-1715)—King of France

(1643-1715)—56 Louis Philippe I (1773-1850)—Duke of Orleans, King of France (1830-48)—213 Loustalot, Elisée (1762-1790)—French journalist, democrat, took part in the French Revolution, a Jacobin — 82

Lovett, William (1800-1877)—English radical, participant in the Chartist movement; adherent of "moral force" and collaboration with the bourgeoisie —517-18 Urning, Otto (1818-1868)—German physician and journalist, "true Socialist" in the mid-1840s — 232, 240 Lyell, Charles (1797-1875)—British chemist and geologist — 546

M

Mably, Gabriel Bonnot de (1709-1785)— French sociologist, proponent of Utopian egalitarian communism — 667 Mackellar—physician in Pencaitland (Scotland)—536 Mackintosh, Robert—member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in 1833 — 446, 451, 454, 461 Malebranche, Nicolas de (1638-1715)— French philosopher — 125, 127, 129, 130 Mallet du Pan, Jacques (1749-1800)— Swiss journalist, monarchist, was connected with French counter-revolutionary émigrés, author of memoirs —598 Malthus, Thomas Robert (1766-1834)— English clergyman and economist, founder of the misanthropic theory of population — 379, 380, 432, 570, 572 Mandeville, Bernard de (1670-1733)— English democratic writer, moralist and economist — 131 Manners, John James Robert, Lord— see Rutland, John Marat, Jean Paul (1743-1793)—leading figure in the French Revolution, prominent Jacobin — 81 Marbach, Oswald (1810-1890)—German writer and poet, author of adaptations of German medieval epics and publisher of German Volksbücher (popular books)—163 Marmontel, Jean François (1723-1799)— French writer, representative of the moderate wing of the Enlighteners, member of the Paris Academy of Sciences from 1763 — 144 Marr, Wilhelm (1819-1904)—German journalist, one of the leaders of the "Young Germany" secret society in Switzerland, and editor of its paper Blätter der Gegenwart für soziales Leben— 651, 652, 654 Martin du Nord, Nicolas Ferdinand Marie Louis Joseph (1790-1847)—French lawyer and politician, Minister of Justice and Cults during the July

monarchy (since 1840)—115, 117 Martineau, Harriet (1802-1876)—English

writer, supporter of moderate social reforms — 222 Marx, Jenny (née von Westphalen) (1814-

1881)—Karl Marx's wife — 676 Marx, Jenny (1844-1883)—Karl Marx's

daughter — 676 Marx, Karl (1818-1883)—2, 4, 8, 87,

106, 115, 117, 210, 232, 235-36, 240, 241, 256, 260, 287, 290, 597, 665, 666, 667, 668, 675-79 Mathew, Theobald (1790-1856)—Irish Catholic clergyman — 423 Maude, Daniel—Justice of the Peace in

Manchester — 587-93, 595, 596 McAdam, John Loudon (1756-1836)—Scottish inventor, expert in highroad building — 319 McCulloch, John Ramsay (1789-1864)— British economist who vulgarised David Ricardo's theories — 269, 271, 287, 313, 380, 415, 580 McDurt, Thomas—worker at a cotton mill in Glasgow — 453 Mead, Edward P.—English workers' poet; contributed to the Chartist newspaper The Northern Star— 474 Melish, John (1771-1822)—English writer, geographer and traveller; he described communist colonies in America — 222 Mellor—worker at the Pauling and Henfrey brick firm in Manchester — 591 Menenius, Agrippa (d. 493 B.C.)—Roman patrician — 510

Menzel, Wolfgang (1798-1873)—German conservative writer and literary critic — 153

Miles, William (1797-1878)-TEnglish financier, Member of Parliament — 569

Mill, James (1773-1836)—English philosopher and economist, adherent of Ricardo's theory — 271, 287

Miller—Police Superintendent in Glasgow, Captain — 342

Miltiades (c. 550 or 540-489 B.C.)— Athenian general and statesman during the Greco-Persian wars — 121

Mirabeau, Honoré Gabriel Victor Riqueti,

Comte de (1749-1791)—prominent figure in the French Revolution, constitutional monarchist — 270

Mitchell, James (c. 1786-1844)—English public figure, author of several popular science works, member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 531, 532 Molière (real name: Jean Baptiste Poquelin) (1622-1673)—French dramatist — 55, 627, 628 Monier de la Sizeranne, Paul Jean Ange

Henri, Comte (1797-1878)—French journalist and dramatist — 75 Monk—London barrister — 591-93 Monteil (Montheil), Amans Alexis (1769-1850)—French historian — 71 Montyon, Antoine Jean Baptiste Robert Auget, Baron de (1733-1820)—French philanthropist, one of the sponsors of "Virtue Prize"—190 Morellet, André (1727-1819)—French philosopher and economist, contributed to the Encyclopaedia — 598 Morelly (18th cent.)—representative of Utopian egalitarian communism in France — 667 M'Quarry—Glasgow worker, strikebreak-er — 509 Müller, Wilhelm (literary pseudonym: Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter) (1816-1873)—German poet, physician in Düsseldorf (1845)—239

N

Napoleon I Bonaparte (1769-1821)—Emperor of the French (1804-14 and 1815)—10, 81, 123-24, 269, 270, 289, 290, 409, 598

Nauwerck, Karl Ludwig Theodor (1810-1891)—German journalist, Young Hegelian — 16-18 Nelson, Horatio Nelson, Viscount (1758-1805)—English admiral — 409 Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727)—English physicist, astronomer and mathemati-cian — 125

O

Oastler, Richard (1789-1861)—English politician, Tory philanthropist — 438, 463, 464, 519 O'Connell, Daniel (1775-1847)—Irish lawyer and politician, leader of the liberal wing in the national liberation movement — 561 O'Connor, Feargus Edward (1794-1855)—a leader of the Chartist Left, editor-in-chief of The Northern Star—367 Origen (Latin: Origenes) (c. 185-c. 254)— Christian theologian, one of the Fathers of the Church — 158, L78 Owen, Robert (1771-1858)—British Utopian .Socialist — 84, 131, 188, 219, 223-24, 232, 252, 459, 525, 597, 614, 667

P

Paalzow, Henriette von (1788-1847)—German writer — 21 Padgin—manufacturer in Sheffield — 508 Paine, Thomas (1737-1809)—English writer, Republican, took part in the American War of Independence and in the French Revolution — 317 Parkinson, Richard (1797-1858)—English clergyman, and journalist, philanthropist — 420, 565 Parny, Evariste Desire de Forges, Vicomte de (1753-1814)—French poet — 69

Patteson, Sir John (1790-1861)—English

jurist, member of the Queen's Bench (1830-52)—542 Pauling—manufacturer in Manchester— 513, 585-86, 589-96 Pecchio, Giuseppe (1785-1835)—Italian man of letters and economist — 269

Peel, Sir Robert (1750-1830)—English cotton manufacturer, Member of Parliament, Tory — 442, 459 Peel, Sir Robert (1788-1850)—English statesman, Tory, Prime Minister (1841-46), repealed the Corn Laws in 1846 — 442, 465, 546, 578, 588, 657, 658, 660 Percival, Thomas (1740-1804)—English physician, philanthropist — 442 Peuchet, Jacques (1758-1830)—French

writer, economist, monarchist — 597-98, 604, 609-12 Philippson, Gustav (1814-1880)—German

pedagogue and writer — 88 Pilling, Richard (b. 1800) —Chartist, cotton-mill worker, one of the leaders of a strike in Ashton and Stalybridge (1842)—587 Pindar (c. 522-443 B.C.)—Greek lyric poet, author of solemn odes — 285 Piso, Lucius Calpurnius Carsoninus (b. 101 B.C.)—Roman consul in 58 B.C., supporter of Julius Caesar— 122 Pitkeithly, Lawrence—English traveller, Chartist, visited and described the communist colony of Shakers in New Le-banon (New York state)—217 Planck, Karl Christian (1819-1880)— German Protestant theologian, philosopher — 103 Plato (c. 427-c. 347 B.C.)—Greek philosopher — 179 Porter, George Richardson (1792-1852)— English economist and statistician— 313 Pounder, Robert—Leeds worker — 438 Power A.—member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in England in 1833 — 437, 441, 445, 448, 454, 480 Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804)— English chemist and philosopher, public figure — 129

Proudhon, Pierre Joseph (1809-1865)— French writer, economist and sociologist, one of the founders of anarchism —23-35, 38-53, 156, 528, 642, 667 Püttmann, Hermann (1811-1894)—German radical poet and journalist, in the mid-1840s representative of "true socialism"—232, 235, 240, 654, 655

R

Radnor, Earl of—see Bouverie, William Pleydell

Rapp, George (1757-1847)—German Socialist, founder of the sect of Christian Communists in the state of Ohio, North America — 218-20 Rashleigh, William—English politician, Member of Parliament, publisher of the book Stubborn Facts from the Factories by a Manchester Operative— 429 Rauschenplatt, Johann Ernst Hermann von (1807-1868)—German politician, emigrated to Switzerland, a member of the "Young Germany" secret society— 651 Read—worker at the Pauling and Henfrey brick firm in Manchester — 595 Reichardt, Carl Ernst—bookbinder in Berlin, follower of Bruno Bauer, contributor to the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung — 9, 10, 38, 78 Ricardo, David (1772-1823)—English economist — 31, 33, 271, 286, 290 Riesser, Gabriel (1806-1863)—German journalist of Jewish descent, advocate of equality for the Jews — 95-98, 113 Ripley, George (1802-1880)—American Unitarian clergyman, in 1842 founded a communist colony in Brook Farm (Massachusetts)—223 Roberton, John (1797-1876)-English physician — 405, 453 Roberts—owner of the machine-works in Manchester — 511 Roberts, William Prowling (1806-1871)— English jurist connected with the Chartist and trade union movements— 541-42, 544, 546, 547, 568, 569, 590-96 Robespierre, Maximilien François Marie Isidore de (1758-1794)—leading figure in the French Revolution, leader of the Jacobins, head of the revolutionary government (1793-94)—119, 121, 122

Robinet, Jean Baptiste René (1735-1820)— French philosopher — 130 Robson, George—inmate of the workhouse in Coventry, died in 1843— 574 Rohmer, Friedrich (1814-1856)—German philosopher — 211 Rohmer, Theodor (1820-1856)—German journalist, F. Rohmer's brother — 211

Ronge, Johannes (1813-1887)—German clergyman, one of the initiators of the "German Catholics" movement — 645, 653 Rotteck, Carl Wenzeslaus Redecker von (1775-1840)—German historian and liberal politician — 123 Rousseau, Jean Jacques (1712-1778)— French philosopher and writer of the Enlightenment — 604 Roux, Jacques (1752-1794)—prominent figure in the French Revolution. One of the leaders of the revolutionary plebeian trend (Enragés)—119, 667 Roux-Lavergne, Pierre Célestin (1802-1874) —French historian and philosopher— 211 Ruge, Arnold (1802-1880)—German radical journalist and philosopher, Young Hegelian — 155 Russell, John Russell, 1st Earl of (1792-1878)—English statesman, Whig leader, Prime Minister (1846-52 and 1865-66), Foreign Secretary (1852-53 and 1859-65)—15

Rutland, John James Robert Manners, 7th Duke of (1818-1906)—English aristocrat, Tory, author of pamphlets on the condition of factory workers, member of the "Young England" group — 578 Rymarkiewicz, Leon (born c. 1825)—participant in the revolutionary conspiracy of the Polish patriots in Posnan in 1844-45 — 241

Rymarkiewicz, Maximilian (born c. 1832) —participant in the revolutionary conspiracy of the Polish patriots in Posnan in 1844-45, brother of L. Rymarkiewicz — 241 s

Sack, Karl Heinrich (1789-1875)—German Protestant theologian, professor in Bonn, advocate of religious ortho-doxy — 203 Sadler, Michael Thomas (1780-1835)— English economist and politician, philanthropic Tory — 460-61, 463 Saint-Just, Antoine Louis Léon de Riche-bourg de (1767-1794)—prominent figure in the French Revolution, a Jacobin leader — 121-22 Saint-Simon, Claude Henri de Rouvroy, Comte de (1760-1825)—French Utopian Socialist — 31, 50, 282, 283, 614, 667 Salmon—worker at the Pauling and Henfrey brick firm in Manchester — 589-91 Sanchez (Tomas) (1550-1610)—Spanish theologian — 629 Saunders, Robert John—English factory inspector in the 1840s — 463 Say, Jean Baptiste (1767-1832)—French economist, one of the founders of the "three production factors" theory (an apology of capitalist exploitation)— 32, 43, 269, 270, 273 Say, Louis Auguste (1774-1840)—French economist, brother and follower of J.-B. Say — 270, 291 Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von (1775-1854)—German philosopher— 95, 154 Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von

(1759-1805)—German poet, dramatist, historian and philosopher — 23, 202 Schlöffet, Friedrich Wilhelm (1800-1870)— Silesian manufacturer, democrat — 242 Schmidt, Simon—German tanner, one of the organisers of the League of the Just in Switzerland, follower of Weitling — 655 Scott—worker at the Pauling and Henfrey brick firm in Manchester — 591 Scriven, Samuel S.—member of the Children's Employment Commission in England in 1841 — 496

Senior, Nassau William (1790-1864)— English economist, vulgarised Ricardo's theory, opposed shortening the working day — 364 Serra, Antonio (16th-l7th cent.)—Italian economist, one of the first representatives of mercantilism — 269 Shakespeare, William (1564-1616)—English poet and dramatist — 71, 542, 552 Sharp, Francis—member of the Royal Society of English Surgeons, physician in Leeds — 445, 449 Sharp—owner of the machine-works in Manchester — 511 Sharps—shareholder of the Pauling and Henfrey firm in Manchester — 594-95 Shelley, Percy Bysshe (1792-1822)—English poet, revolutionary romantic — 528 Sheppard, John (Jack) (1702-1724)— English thief, known for his escapes from prison, executed in London in 1724 — 409 Sieyès, Emmanuel Joseph (1748-1836)— leading figure in the French Revolution; abbot, deputy to the Convention, moderate constitutionalist (Feuil-lant)—32 Sismondi, Jean Charles Léonard Simonde de

(1773-1842)—Swiss economist, representative of economic romanticism— 33, 271-73 Smellie, James—Glasgow surgeon — 451

Smith, Adam (1723-1790)—British economist — 31, 33, 49, 267-69, 271, 273, 277, 287, 291-93, 380, 415 Smith, John—Glasgow worker, strike-breaker — 509 Smith, Thomas Southwood (1788-1861)— English physician, member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 373, 397, 536 Solomon—King of the Hebrews (c. 974-c. 937 B.C.)—409, 588, 589 Somerville, Alexander (1811-1885)— English radical journalist, wrote under the pen-name of "One who has whistled at the Plough"—224, 240, 556 Spinoza (Baruch or Benedictus) de (1632-1677)—Dutch philosopher — 124-25, 127, 129-32, 136-37, 139

Staël, Madame de (Anne Louise Germaine,

born Nècker, Baronne de Staël-Holstein)

(1766-1817)—French romantic writer —603 Standau, Julius—teacher of German, took part in the democratic movement in Germany in the 1830s-1840s, one of the leaders of. the "Young Germany" secret society in Switzerland — 651

Stein, Heinrich Friedrich Karl, Baron vom und zum (1757-1831)—Prussian statesman, held various responsible posts in the government (1804-08), initiator of moderate reforms — 10 Stein, Lorenz von (1815-1890)—German lawyer and historian, author of works on the socialist movement, supporter of "social monarchy"—134, 613, 614, 642 Stephens, Joseph Rayner (1805-1879)— English clergyman, took an active part in the Chartist movement in Lancashire (1837-39)—519, 524, 581 Stewart, Dugald (1753-1828)—Scottish philosopher, representative of what is known as "philosophy of common sense"—268 Stirner, Max (real name: Johann Caspar Schmidt) (1806-1856)—German philosopher, Young Hegelian, one of the ideologists of individualism and anarchism — 240, 241, 329, 564

Strauss, David Friedrich (1808-1874)— German philosopher and writer, Young Hegelian — 87, 103, 137-39, 142, 528 Stuart, James (1775-1849)—English physician and writer, Whig, factory inspector in 1833 — 444, 446, 451, 454, 457

Stumm-Halberg, Karl Ferdinand, Freiherr

von (1836-1901)—German manufacturer and conservative politician — 544

Sturge, Joseph (1793-1859)—English politician, free trader; joined the Chartists with a view to bringing the working class under the influence of the radical bourgeoisie — 523 Sue, Eugene Marie Joseph (1804-1857)— French writer, author of sentimental social novels — 55-57, 62, 66-68, 70, 73-76, 162, 166, 168, 170, 171, 180-82, 185-88, 190-91. 197, 202-03 Symons, Jßlinger Cookson (1809-1860)— English liberal journalist, member of the Children's Employment Commission in 1841 — 341-42, 410, 412, 432, 494, 503, 534 Szeliga—see Zychlinski, Franz

T

Tancred, Thomas—member of the Children's Employment Commission in England in 1841 — 497 Taylor, John (1804-1841)-English physician, member of the Left wing of the Chartist movement — 519 Thomson, Charles Edward Poulett, Baron Sydenham (1799-1841)—English statesman, Whig — 364

Thornhül, Thomas—English landowner, Whig — 463 Tocqueville, Alexis Charles Henri Maurice

Clérel de (1805-1859)—French liberal historian and politician — 186 Tristan, Flora Célestine Thérèse Henriette

(1803-1844)—French authoress, pro-ponent of Utopian socialism — 19, 188 Tufnell, Edward Carlton—member of the Factories Inquiry Commission in England in 1833 — 437, 440, 444, 445, 450, 451 Turpin, Richard (Dick) (1706-1739)— English robber, executed in 1739— 409

U

Vre, Andrew (1778-1857)—English chemist and economist, free trader — 285, 310, 417, 429, 434, 457-59, 461, 462, 478, 510, 511 V

Vaughan, Robert (1795-1868)—English clergyman, historian and journalist— 416 Victoria (1819-1901)—Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837-1901)— 336, 518, 649, 650 Vidocq, François Eugène (1775-1857)— French secret police agent, presumed author of Memoirs; his name was used to denote a cunning sleuth and rogue —73, 163 Vincent—leader of a carpenters' strike in Paris (September 1845)—650 Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) (70-19 B.C.)—Roman poet — 618, 628 Virgil, Polydore (c. 1470-1555)—English historian of Italian descent — 71 Volney, Constantin François Chasseboeuf, Comte de (1757-1820)—French philosopher of the Enlightenment — 130

Voltaire, François Marie Arouet de (1694-1778)—French philosopher, writer and historian of the Enlightenment — 126, 268, 619 Voss, Johann Heinrich (1751-1826)— German poet, translator of works by Homer, Virgil and other ancient poets — 190

W

Wade, John (1788-1875)—English writer, economist and historian — 405 Wakefield, Edward Gibbon (1796-1862)— English writer, statesman, and economist; author of a colonisation theory— 551 Watt, James (1736-1819)—Scottish engineer, inventor of the steam-engine— 149, 312 Wedgwood, Josiah (1730-1795)—English pottery manufacturer, who devised improved pottery techniques — 318 Weil, Carl (1806-1878)—German liberal journalist, editor of the Konstitutionelle Jahrbücher (1842-46); from 1851 official in Austria — 162

Weill, Alexander (1811-1899)—German democratic journalist, in the 1840s emigrated to France, contributed to German and French newspapers — 147 Weitling, Wilhelm Christian ( 1808-1871)— one of the early leaders of the working-class movement in Germany, tailor by trade, one of the theoreticians of Utopian egalitarian communism— 236, 614, 615, 654 Welcker, Carl Theodor (1790-1869)— German lawyer, liberal journalist, Landtag deputy in Baden — 123 Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of (1769-1852)—British general and statesman, Tory, Prime Minister (1828-30)—409 Wesley, John (1703-1791)—English clergyman, founder of Methodism— 410 Wightman, Sir William (1784-1863)— English jurist, from 1841 member of the'Queen's Bench — 542 Wilhelm I (1781-1864)—King of Württemberg (1816-64)—288 Williams, Sir John (1777-1846)—English jurist, from 1834 member of the King's (later Queen's) Bench, liberal— 542 Wolff, Christian, Freiherr von (1679-1754) —German philosopher, naturalist, economist and jurist — 67 Wood, James and Francis—manufacturers in Bradford — 449, 509-10 Wright, John—factory overseer in Macclesfield — 446

Z

Zerrleder—presumed pseudonym of Bruno Bauer — 145, 146 Zychlinski, Franz Zychlin von (1816-1900) —Prussian officer, Young Hegelian, contributed to periodicals published by B. Bauer under the pseudonym of Szeliga — 7, 53-57, 60-67, 68, 69, 70, 71-77, 86, 162, 163, 165-68, 176-78, 180, 185, 190, 191, 194, 195-96, 202, 208, 209 INDEX OF LITERARY AND MYTHOLOGICAL NAMES

Aaron—the first high priest mentioned

in the Bible.—410 Abraham (Bib.)—10, 101, 105, 107 Adam (Bib.)—410, 574

Badinot—character in Eugène Sue's novel

Les Mystères de Paris.—203 Bradamanti. See Polidori Bras rouge—character in Eugène Sue's novel Les Mystères de Paris.—73, 181

Cabrion—character in Eugène Sue's novel

Les Mystères de Paris.—75, 76 Cecily—character in Eugène Sue's novel

Les Mystères de Paris.—68-69 Châtelain—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—200 Chouette—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—180-85, 187 Chourineur—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—163-65, 168, 169,

180, 182, 206, 207 Christ, Jesus (Bib.)—65, 104, 154, 161,

410 Codrus—according to legend, the King of Athens, who lived in the 11th century B.C.—122

David—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—68, 164, 176-77, 205, 207 Don Quixote—hero of Cervantes' novel by the same name.—209 Dorante—character in Molière's play Le bourgeois gentilhomme.—630, 631

Fleur de Marie—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—163, 166-76, 180-82, 186, 187, 204, 205, 208, 209 Fortunatus—hero of a German folk tale, who possessed a miraculous inexhaustible purse and a magic cap.—200

George, Madame—character in Eugène Sue's novel Les Mystères de Paris. —171-73, 205 Germain—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paru.—165, 198, 205 Graun—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—202, 203, 205 Guillaume—character in the medieval French comedy LAvocat Patelin.— 640

Hahnemann—character in the German comic folk tale Sieben Schwaben.—163 Harpagon—a character in Molière's comedy l'Avare.—627 Harville, Clémence, Marquise d'—character

in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—

63, 64, 193-95, 205

Heracles (Hercules)—the most popular hero in Greek and Roman mythology, son of Zeus, celebrated for his great strength and valour.—135, 161, 176, 179, 201, 511

Jehovah (Bib.)—112 Jeremiah—biblical character, one of the Hebrew prophets, who wrote the Lamentations of Jeremiah on the occasion of the destruction of Jerusalem. —658

Eleonore—character

erotiques.—69

in Parny's Poésies

Ferrand, Jacques—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—69-71, 206, 209

Jocrisse—the name of the simpleton in the French popular theatre, a character in Molière's comedy Sganarelle.—628 John, Saint, the Apostle—one of the twelve apostles to whom Christian tradition ascribes the authorship of the Book of Revelation, the Fourth Gospel and three Epistles actually written by different persons.—410 Judas Iscariot (Bib.)—one of the twelve apostles, the betrayer of Christ.— 633-34

Laporte—character from Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—171-73, 187 Lot—a character in the Old Testament (Genesis), who was rescued by God from the burning city of Sodom.—10 Zucenay, Duchesse de—character from Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—64 Lycurgus—legendary Spartan legislator of the 9th-8th cent. B.C.—121-22

MacGregor, Sarah—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—63-66, 206, 209 Maître d'école—character in Eugène Sue's

Les Mystères de Paris.—163, 165, 176-87, 202, 205-07 Mary (Bib.)—107 Micawber—character in Dickens' novel David Copperfield.—327 Minerva (Rom. Myth.)—the goddess of wisdom.—511 Minotaur (Gr. Myth.)—fabulous monster living on Crete, devouring youths and maidens sacrificed to it.—623 Moloch—the Sun-God in Carthage and Phoenicia, whose worship was accompanied by human sacrifices.—21, 266, 474

Morel—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—56 Morel, Louise—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—195 Moses (Bib.)—410 Murph—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—76, 165, 201-07

Paul, the Apostle (Bib.)—410 Peter, the Apostle (Bib.)—410

Pipelet, Alfred—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—72, 74-77

Pipelet, Anastasia—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—63, 72, 74, 75, 77 Polidori—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—71, 73, 201

Prometheus (Gr. Myth.)—a titan who stole fire from the gods and gave it to men. —511 Rigolette—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—74-76

Roland, Madame—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—71

Rudolph, Prince of Geroldstein (Gerol-stein)—main character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—62, 63, 74, 77, 162-88, 190, 193-98, 200-10

Samson—a biblical hero famous for his great physical strength and courage.— 410 Sarah. See MacGregor, Sarah Sarah (Sarai) (Bib.)—wife of Abraham.—

101 Scapin—main character in Molière's comedy Les Fourberies de Scapin.—639 Schurimann. See Chourineur Sisyphus (Gr. Myth.)—King of Corinth

whom the gods condemned to eternal and exhausting labour.—467 Squelette—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—165 Swing—fictitious name used by farm-workers in the disturbances of 1830-31, a character in Wakefield's pamphlet Swing Unmasked: or, the Causes of Rural Incendiarism.—551, 554

Tortillard—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—180, 181, 187

Vishnu—in Hindu mythology the second god in the trinity (Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva), called the Preserver, the embodiment of eternally living nature.—54, 55

Willis—character in Eugène Sue's Les Mystères de Paris.—69, 205