NOTEBOOK “μ”

(“MU”)

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BARTHOLOMEW, ATLAS OF THE WORLD’S COMMERCE

Atlas of the World’s Commerce, etc., by J. G. Bartholomew, London, 1907.

Extensive data and diagrams giving percentages, etc., and covering the whole world. I quote some:

	Growth of world trade (£ mill.)	United King- dom		U.S.A.		Germany		France
		Im- ports	Ex- ports	Im- ports	Ex- ports	Im- ports	Ex- ports	Im- ports	Ex- ports
1800	302	—	—								United Kingdom (£ mill.)
1840	573	52	51	20	23	25	27	31	28		Imports from		Exports to
1850	832	98	71	36	28	34	36	32	43		other countries	colonies (of U.K.)	other countries	colonies
1870	2,191	259	199	88	89	179	129	116	112		238	64	189	55
						(1875)
1890	3,450	356	263	159	174	207	166	177	150		324	96	234	94
1900	4,420	460	291	171	282	282	230	188	164		413	109	252	102
1905	5,440	487	330	242	329	336	279	191	194		437	128	285	123

			Has a very interesting Currency Map.
Countries	with	legal	gold	standard	— (most of the world)
”	”	”	silver	”	— China + Persia
”	”	”	bimetallic standard—only part of Africa + France, Spain, Italy
Countries	with	actual	gold	standard	—France (Britain) etc.
”	”	”	bimetallic standard—United States, India
”	”	”	paper    ”  —Spain, Russia, South America

 

Share of different countries in world trade:						Ditto from another source *)*)
	1885		1905			1885		1900				1885		1905
United Kingdom	18.1		15.0			19.2		16.3			}	30.9		25.8
British possessions	12.8		10.8			10.7		9.7
Germany	10.0		11.3			10.3		11.0			⎫ ⎬ ⎭	29.2		28.9
France	9.9		7.1			10.4		7.5
United States	9.3		10.5			9.7		9.8
Holland	5.6		7.0			5.9		6.6
Belgium	3.5		4.0			3.7		3.5
Austria-Hungary	3.5		3.3			3.7		3.3
Russia	3.4		3.0			5.6		4.6
Spain	1.9		1.4			20.1		1.5
China	1.4		1.8			1.8		2.5
Japan	0.4		1.5			0.5		1.1
Argentina	1.2		1.9			1.3		1.1
Other countries	19.0		21.4			——		——
						100		100

*)*) “Another source”=Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Deutsche Reich, 24th year, 1903, p. 25.

Number of people speaking different languages

	(million.)
English	111
German	75
Russian	75
French	51
Spanish	43
Italian	33
Portuguese	13

Colonial Trade 1905

	Destination
	of exports from British possessions		of imports into British possessions
	(£ millions)
United Kingdom	143.8		143.4
British possessions	58.5		56.1
Foreign countries	130.2		109.6

 

Mercantile marine of the principal countries (steam & sail) (million tons)			Growth of world wheat production (000 mill. bushels			Wheat production (1901-03) (mill. bushels)				Consumption of wheat sugar meat (lbs. per head)
British Empire	17.6		1891	2.5		United States	664.7		France	486	27	77
United States	4.2		1895	2.5		Russia	509.2		New Zealand	400	97	212
Germany	3.8		1900	2.5		France	311.5		Australia	357	101	239
Norway	1.8		1902	3.0		India	263.1		United States	315	68	150
France	1.7					Italy	157.0		United Kingdom	290	88	112
Italy	1.2					Spain	133.1		Austria-Hungary	231
Japan	1.0					Austria-Hungary	205.8		Germany	195	27	111
Russia	0.9					Germany	139.8		Canada	155		90
Sweden	0.8					Canada	85.8		Holland	—	36	—
Spain	0.7					Argentina	77.2		Russia	—	14	51
Holland etc.	0.7					etc.etc.
World’s total	37.5
of which steamships	31.7					World’s total	3,026.6

 

	Rice produc- tion mill. cwt			Production of					Tea produc- tion mill. lbs.			Coffee produc- tion mill. lbs.
				rye mill. bushels		barley mill. bushels
China	550		Russia	887.5		335.2		China	660		Brazil	1,659
			Germany	386.9		135.1		India	200		Colombia	70
British India	448.3		Austria-Hungary	130.7		124.4		Ceylon	150		Java	86
Java	90.0		France	51.2				Japan	59		Guatemala	74
Japan	89.6		Asiatic Russia	37.1				Java	19		India	31
Indo-China	33.1		Japan	38.8				Formosa	18
Siam	14.8		United States	27.2		131.9		Natal	1.8
Italy and Spain	20.1		Spain	25.7				Caucasus	0.9
			etc.	India		101.1
World’s total	1,257.9		World’s total	1,672.9		1,218.6					Total exports=2,283

 

Mercantile Marine (net tonnage). (Mill. tons)

	United Kingdom	United States	Germany	Norway	France	Japan
1860	4.6	—		0.6	1.0
1870	5.6	4.2	1.0	1.0	1.1
1880	6.6	4.1	1.2	1.5	0.9	0.09
1890	7.9	4.4	1.4	1.7	0.9	0.1
1900	9.3	5.2	1.9	1.5	1.0	0.9
1905	10.7	6.4	2.3	1.5	1.3	1.3

World pro- duction of sugar				Ditto				Ditto				Ditto			Ditto
of which beet sugar				coffee				raw cotton				pig iron			raw copper			gold
(mill. tons)				(000 tons)				(mill. cwt.)				(mill. tons)			(000 tons) tons)			(tons)
1850	1.4	0.2		1855	—	321		1850	—	12.8			4.4		1851-60	49.9		1851	134
1860	2.2	0.4		1865	—	422		1860	—	22.8			7.2		1861-70	88.5		1860	192
1870	2.7	0.9		1875	—	505		1870	—	24.8			11.9		1871-80	117.0		1870	182
1880	3.7	1.8		1885	—	718		1880	—	32.2			18.1		1881-90	233		1880	164
1890	6.1	3.6		1892	—	700		1890	—	50.0			27.2		1891-900	364		1890	177
1900	9.8	6.1		1903	—	1,150		1900	—	61.7			40.4		1901	518		1900	377
								1903	—	65.0		1903	46.1		1905	723		1904	500

World Coal Production
Neumann-Spallart. Year of publication 1883-84, p. 322

Mill. metric tons					Total world turnover
1860 — 136						—
1866 — 185						44.2
1872 — 260						57.8
1876 — 287						55.8
1880 — 345						63.8
1885 — 413						61,700 mill. marks in 1885: world’s foreign trade, imports and exports
	in 1885:
Great Britain	161.9
Germany	73.6
United States	103.9

World Mercantile Marine:

1872 — 15.5	million	tons
1875 — 16.7	”	”
1880 — 19.3	”	”
1885 — 20.98	”	”

Chief countries 1885:
Great Britain	7.6
Germany	1.2
United States	2.6
Norway	1.5
France	0.9
Italy	0.9
Russia	0.3

Per Capita Consumption

	Tea lbs. (1903	Coffee	Wine gallons	Beer	Spirits	Butter	(1903) Coal (cwt)
United King-  dom	6.0	—	0.3	28.8	1.0	19	78.4
United States	1.3	11	0.5	18.4	1.0	20	70.5
Germany	0.2	6	1.1	27.2	1.5	8	34.2
France	0.1	4	32.7	7.6	1.7	8	22.7
Russia	1.2	—		1.8	5	2.7
Austria-Hun-  gary			5.0	8.6	1.7	7	7.7
Holland	1.4	14.5	Belgium	40.1	1.6	15
Australia[1]	7.1	—	0.8	1.6	0.7	17	24.5
Canada	4.0	—	5.0	0.9	22	33.4
		Italy	27.5		Denmark	22
		Spain	17.0			Belgium	58.4

Production

	Wine (mill. gal- lons)	Beer	Spir- its (pure alco- hol	Fish- eries (£ mill.)			Raw cot- ton (mill. cwt)
France	1,216	240	45.1	5		Brazil	0.5
Italy	880					Asia Minor	0.3
Spain	395		8.9			Tukestan	1.8
Russia		137	86.3	8		African	1.5
Austria-Hungary	169	420	55.2			Egypt	5.4
Algeria	124					China	4.0
Belgium		308				Mexico	0.4
Portugal	134					United States	45.4
Germany	49	1,512	84.1			India	9.6
Greece	66
Canada				4
Japan				5
United States		1.561	58.6	13
United Kingdom		1,253	29.2	10
Holland			7.6
World total	3,330					World total	70.0
		(average for 1900-03)

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Notes

[1] The figures for the consumption of tea and spirits refer to Australasia.